The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review.

Q1 Medicine
Pathogens and Immunity Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.20411/pai.v8i1.597
Veronica Papa, Francesco M Galassi, Elena Varotto, Andrea Gori, Mauro Vaccarezza
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient chronic infectious disease that remains a global health concern. In human remains, the most common and characteristic clinical signs are the skeletal modifications involving the spine, such as in Pott's disease. Diagnosing TB in ancient human remains is challenging. Therefore, in this systematic review, the authors investigated the studies assessing molecular diagnosis of Pott's disease in ancient human remains with the intention to survey the literature, map the evidence, and identify gaps and future perspectives on TB in paleopathology. Our systematic review offers a full contextualization of the history of Pott's disease in ancient times. Our search strategy was performed between August 2022 and March 2023. The authors initially identified 340 records, and 74 studies were finally included and assessed for qualitative analysis. Due to non-specific clinical signs associated with TB, how best to diagnose tuberculosis in human remains still represents a central point. Nevertheless, ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis, lipid biomarkers, and spoligotyping might be extremely useful tools in the study of TB in human remains. Moreover, we propose the extraction and study of immune response genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity versus Mycobacterium spp. as an innovative and vastly overlooked approach in TB paleopathology. Complementary methodologies should be integrated to provide the best approach to the study of TB in human remains.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

结核病古病理学诊断技术的发展:范围界定综述。
肺结核是一种古老的慢性传染病,至今仍是全球健康问题。在人类遗骸中,最常见和最具特征性的临床症状是涉及脊椎的骨骼改变,例如Pott病。在古代人类遗骸中诊断结核病具有挑战性。因此,在这篇系统综述中,作者调查了评估古人类遗骸中Pott病分子诊断的研究,目的是调查文献,绘制证据图,并确定古病理学中结核病的差距和未来前景。我们的系统综述提供了古代波特病历史的完整背景。我们的搜索策略是在2022年8月至2023年3月之间执行的。作者最初确定了340份记录,74项研究最终被纳入并评估进行定性分析。由于与结核病相关的非特异性临床症状,如何最好地诊断人类遗骸中的结核病仍然是一个中心问题。然而,古代DNA(aDNA)分析、脂质生物标志物和孢子分型可能是研究人类遗骸中结核病的非常有用的工具。此外,我们建议提取和研究与对分枝杆菌的先天和适应性免疫有关的免疫反应基因。这是结核病古病理学中一种创新且被广泛忽视的方法。应整合补充方法,为研究人类遗骸中的结核病提供最佳方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pathogens and Immunity
Pathogens and Immunity Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
10 weeks
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