The Intersection between Bacterial Metabolism and Innate Immunity.

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Journal of Innate Immunity Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-27 DOI:10.1159/000534872
Ivan C Acosta, Francis Alonzo
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Abstract

Background: The innate immune system is the first line of defense against microbial pathogens and is essential for maintaining good health. If pathogens breach innate barriers, the likelihood of infection is significantly increased. Many bacterial pathogens pose a threat to human health on account of their ability to evade innate immunity and survive in growth-restricted environments. These pathogens have evolved sophisticated strategies to obtain nutrients as well as manipulate innate immune responses, resulting in disease or chronic infection.

Summary: The relationship between bacterial metabolism and innate immunity is complex. Although aspects of bacterial metabolism can be beneficial to the host, particularly those related to the microbiota and barrier integrity, others can be harmful. Several bacterial pathogens harness metabolism to evade immune responses and persist during infection. The study of these adaptive traits provides insight into the roles of microbial metabolism in pathogenesis that extend beyond energy balance. This review considers recent studies on bacterial metabolic pathways that promote infection by circumventing several facets of the innate immune system. We also discuss relationships between innate immunity and antibiotics and highlight future directions for research in this field.

Key messages: Pathogenic bacteria have a remarkable capacity to harness metabolism to manipulate immune responses and promote pathogenesis. While we are beginning to understand the multifaceted and complex metabolic adaptations that occur during infection, there is still much to uncover with future research.

细菌代谢和先天免疫之间的交叉点。
背景:先天免疫系统是抵御微生物病原体的第一道防线,对保持健康至关重要。如果病原体突破先天屏障,感染的可能性就会显著增加。许多细菌病原体由于能够逃避先天免疫并在生长受限的环境中生存,对人类健康构成威胁。这些病原体进化出了复杂的策略来获得营养并操纵先天免疫反应,从而导致疾病或慢性感染。摘要:细菌代谢与先天免疫之间的关系是复杂的。尽管细菌代谢的某些方面可能对宿主有益,特别是与微生物群和屏障完整性有关的方面,但其他方面可能有害。一些细菌病原体利用新陈代谢来逃避免疫反应,并在感染期间持续存在。对这些适应性特征的研究使我们深入了解了微生物代谢在能量平衡之外的发病机制中的作用。这篇综述考虑了最近关于细菌代谢途径的研究,这些途径通过绕过先天免疫系统的几个方面来促进感染。我们还讨论了先天免疫和抗生素之间的关系,并强调了该领域未来的研究方向。关键信息:病原菌具有利用新陈代谢操纵免疫反应和促进发病机制的显著能力。虽然我们开始了解感染期间发生的多方面和复杂的代谢适应,但未来的研究仍有很多需要揭示的地方。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Innate Immunity
Journal of Innate Immunity 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
1.90%
发文量
35
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: The ''Journal of Innate Immunity'' is a bimonthly journal covering all aspects within the area of innate immunity, including evolution of the immune system, molecular biology of cells involved in innate immunity, pattern recognition and signals of ‘danger’, microbial corruption, host response and inflammation, mucosal immunity, complement and coagulation, sepsis and septic shock, molecular genomics, and development of immunotherapies. The journal publishes original research articles, short communications, reviews, commentaries and letters to the editors. In addition to regular papers, some issues feature a special section with a thematic focus.
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