Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Dairy Cattle Manure in a Cattle Shed in Japan

IF 1.1 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Arika Aizawa, Akane Miyazaki, Nobuyuki Tanaka
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The livestock industry is a major source of atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs), but details on these emissions are not well documented in Japan. In particular, it remains unclear how the rearing method affects the emissions of VOCs from livestock, which originate primarily from feces and urine. Here we aimed to estimate the amounts of VOCs emitted from the feces and urine of tethered Holstein dairy cattle in a cattle shed in Japan. Dimethyl sulfide and acetone accounted for about 60% of the total VOCs emitted from feces, followed by formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Also, dimethyl sulfide and acetone were the dominant VOCs emitted from urine, accounting for 90% of the total VOCs. The VOCs from manure were considered to be emitted between the excretion and removal of the manure during the cleaning of the shed. As a result of analyzing images from three cameras installed in the shed, the average time between excretion and cleaning during the daytime (8:00 am–5:00 pm) was 80 min for feces and urine, whereas at night (5:00 pm–7:00 am), the average time between excretion and cleaning was 480 min. Based on the above findings, the emissions of VOCs in the interval between excretion and cleaning of the shed were estimated. As a result, the emissions of VOCs from feces and urine per head of cattle in the shed were estimated to be 1.75 and 1.52 g day−1, respectively. Furthermore, contribution of VOCs emitted from manure to odor activity value (OAV) and hydroxyl radical reactivity (OHR) were also estimated. Volatile fatty acids and sulfur compounds emitted from feces estimated to have high contribution to OAV, whereas aldehydes contributed mainly for OHR from manure.

日本牛舍中奶牛粪便的挥发性有机化合物排放量
畜牧业是大气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的一个主要来源,但在日本,有关这些排放物的详细记录并不完善。特别是饲养方法如何影响牲畜的挥发性有机化合物排放(这些挥发性有机化合物主要来自粪便和尿液),目前仍不清楚。在此,我们旨在估算日本一个牛舍中被拴养的荷斯坦奶牛粪便和尿液中排放的挥发性有机化合物的数量。二甲基硫醚和丙酮约占粪便中挥发性有机化合物总排放量的 60%,其次是甲醛和乙醛。此外,二甲基硫醚和丙酮也是尿液中排放的主要挥发性有机化合物,占挥发性有机化合物总量的 90%。粪便中的挥发性有机化合物被认为是在清理禽舍时排泄和清除粪便之间排放的。通过分析安装在禽舍内的三个摄像头的图像,发现在白天(上午 8:00 至下午 5:00),粪便和尿液从排泄到清理的平均时间为 80 分钟,而在夜间(下午 5:00 至上午 7:00),粪便和尿液从排泄到清理的平均时间为 480 分钟。根据上述结果,我们估算了排泄和清洗禽舍之间的间隔时间内的挥发性有机化合物排放量。因此,牛舍中每头牛的粪便和尿液的挥发性有机化合物排放量估计分别为 1.75 克/天和 1.52 克/天。此外,还估算了粪便排放的挥发性有机化合物对臭气活度值(OAV)和羟基自由基反应性(OHR)的贡献。据估计,粪便中排放的挥发性脂肪酸和硫化合物对 OAV 的贡献率较高,而醛类则主要对粪便的 OHR 有贡献。
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来源期刊
Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
22
审稿时长
21 weeks
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