Assessment of Sources and Pollution Level of Airborne Toxic Metals through Foliar Dust in an Urban Roadside Environment

IF 1.1 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI:10.5572/ajae.2021.121

Triratnesh Gajbhiye, Tanzil Gaffar Malik, Chang-Hee Kang, Ki-Hyun Kim, Sudhir Kumar Pandey

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Abstract

Concentrations of 19 elements (Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, Na, S, Ti, Ba, Sr, Zn, V, Cu, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Co, and Cd) in foliar dust samples were determined from 6 different roadside locations of Bilaspur city (Chhattisgarh), India. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the significance of vehicular activities followed by sources such as firework events and other industrial/regional/transboundary sources in foliar dust in the area of study. Risk assessment of metal levels in foliar dust was performed using several indices based on the data collected from different sites. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) analysis indicated foliar dust was moderately and extremely polluted with S and Cd, respectively, while practically unpolluted with most other elements (Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Ti, Ba, Sr, Zn, V, Cu, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Co). The values of pollution (I_POLL) index and contamination factor (CF) of Cd indicated a high pollution level. Comparable results were found for the ecological risk (Erⁱ) of Cd (above 320) with a very high Erⁱ at all sites. In addition, the overall Erⁱ index (RI) of foliar dust at all sites was very high due to a greater Cd contribution.

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评估城市路边环境中通过叶面灰尘传播的有毒金属的来源和污染程度

研究人员测定了印度比拉斯布尔市（恰蒂斯加尔邦）6 个不同路边地点的叶尘样本中 19 种元素（Al、Fe、Ca、K、Mg、Na、S、Ti、Ba、Sr、Zn、V、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Ni、Co 和 Cd）的浓度。主成分分析（PCA）表明，在研究区域的叶面尘埃中，车辆活动是重要的污染源，其次是烟花活动和其他工业/区域/跨境污染源。根据从不同地点收集到的数据，使用几种指数对叶尘中的金属含量进行了风险评估。地理累积指数（Igeo）分析表明，叶面灰尘中的硒和镉分别受到中度和重度污染，而其他大多数元素（Al、Fe、Ca、K、Mg、Na、Ti、Ba、Sr、Zn、V、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Ni 和 Co）几乎未受污染。镉的污染（IPOLL）指数和污染因子（CF）值表明污染程度较高。镉的生态风险（Eri）（高于 320）也有类似结果，所有地点的 Eri 都非常高。此外，由于镉含量较高，所有地点叶面灰尘的总体 Eri 指数 (RI) 都非常高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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