Pituitary Adenoma Prevalence and Characteristics of Omani Patients: A Single Center Experience.

Q2 Medicine
Oman Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.5001/omj.2024.44
Abdullah M Al Futaisi, Asma M Al Marzouqi, Mohammed A Al Abri, Maha Z Al Riyami
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of pituitary adenomas (PA) in adult Omani patients and describe its epidemiological, clinical, and radiological characteristics.

Methods: In this longitudinal, descriptive study, we reviewed the records of all PA patients from January 2015 to January 2020 who presented at the endocrinology facilities at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat.

Results: The participants comprised of 112 Omani patients with PA. The incidence of PA among all adult patients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (inpatient and outpatient) over five years (2015-2020) was 0.23%. The cohort had a mean age of 41.0±15.0 years. Of the 112 patients included in this study, 79 (70.5%) were women. Nearly half (51; 45.5%) of adenomas were prolactinomas while 46 (41.1%) were non-functioning adenomas, and seven (6.3%) were growth hormone-secreting adenomas while six (5.4%) were adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting adenomas. Headache was present in 67 (59.8%) patients, followed by visual field defects (40; 35.7%), galactorrhea (26; 23.2%), and fatigue (19; 17.0%). The majority of women (45/79; 57.0%) presented with menstrual cycle abnormalities. Radiological appearances were nearly equally distributed between micro- and macroadenomas. Most cases (58/112; 52.0%) of PA were treated medically by cabergoline, octreotide, and replacement therapies such as hydrocortisone and thyroxin, 38 (33.9%) were treated surgically (mainly by trans-sphenoidal pituitary resection), and the remaining 10 (8.9%) cases were subjected to radiotherapy. Medical treatment combined with surgery was employed for 15 (13.4%) patients.

Conclusions: In our investigation, PA was primarily prevalent among Omani female patients, and the most common subtype of pituitary tumors was prolactinomas. The most common presentation symptom was headaches; most female patients had menstrual irregularities. Medical treatment was the primary approach for the applicable types of PAs, while surgery and radiotherapy were found to be secondary and tertiary treatment options, respectively.

阿曼垂体腺瘤发病率和患者特征:单中心经验。
阿曼估计阿曼成年患者中垂体腺瘤(PA)的发病率,并描述其流行病学、临床和放射学特征:在这项纵向描述性研究中,我们回顾了 2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 1 月期间在马斯喀特苏丹卡布斯大学医院内分泌科就诊的所有 PA 患者的病历:研究对象包括 112 名阿曼 PA 患者。五年内(2015-2020 年),苏丹卡布斯大学医院所有成年患者(住院和门诊患者)中 PA 的发病率为 0.23%。患者平均年龄为(41.0±15.0)岁。在纳入本研究的 112 名患者中,79 人(70.5%)为女性。近一半(51;45.5%)腺瘤为催乳素瘤,46(41.1%)为无功能腺瘤,7(6.3%)为分泌生长激素的腺瘤,6(5.4%)为分泌促肾上腺皮质激素的腺瘤。67名患者(59.8%)出现头痛,其次是视野缺损(40;35.7%)、半乳糖痢(26;23.2%)和疲劳(19;17.0%)。大多数女性(45/79;57.0%)出现月经周期异常。微腺瘤和大腺瘤的放射学表现几乎各占一半。大多数 PA 病例(58/112;52.0%)接受了卡麦角林、奥曲肽以及氢化可的松和甲状腺素等替代疗法的药物治疗,38 例(33.9%)接受了手术治疗(主要是经蝶窦垂体切除术),其余 10 例(8.9%)接受了放射治疗。15例(13.4%)患者接受了药物治疗和手术治疗:在我们的调查中,PA 主要在阿曼女性患者中流行,最常见的垂体瘤亚型是催乳素瘤。最常见的症状是头痛,大多数女性患者有月经不调。药物治疗是适用于各种类型 PA 的主要方法,而手术和放射治疗则分别是第二和第三治疗选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Oman Medical Journal
Oman Medical Journal Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
119
审稿时长
12 weeks
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