A Part of Intracellular Life of Mycobacterium

Abstract

Tuberculosis pathogenesis is the major cause of high morbidity and mortality in the current scenario. Major aspects supports this prevalence, the most significant is the mycobacterium’s ability to modulate host immune system [1]. Also the resistivity it shows towards many antituberculosis drugs which support its infectivity leading the world towards prevalence of more harmful forms of tuberculosis like XDR and MDR. According to WHO reports 2015, approximately 4000 people are killed each day due to this disease which clearly demonstrates us the need to work towards eradicating it [2]. During its interaction with the host cell mycobacteria adopts many strategies to circumvent host immune system which it initialises with the adhesion molecules which interacts with their specified receptors and with this they help mycobacteria to interact with their host cell [3]. Recent studies have shown with these extracellular receptors there are many signalling molecules which are enhanced intracellularly during adhesion and pathogenesis. Hence, we can elaborate their mechanism in host pathogenesis so that we can be more evident about Mycobacterium’s strategy to circumvent host cell. Adhesion molecule expression forms a backbone of cell to cell communication in granuloma formation. Leukocyte adhesion molecules like ICAM and other stimulatory and costimulatory molecules show increased or decreased level of expressions in host pathogenesis [4]. In a study of tuberculous pleuritus patients soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules sVCAM, sICAM [5] were evaluated which can be helpful in diagnosis of the disease. Being much conclusive about them can further help us to be brief about these significant molecules and target them to open new avenues to invent more significant and reasonable antituberculosis drugs to eradicate the pandemic.