Effects of Some Selected Solvent Extracts of Avocado Pear ( Persea americana ) on Cholesterol/HDL Ratio in Albino Rats

Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI:10.4172/2161-1009.1000342

Olagunju Ht, Oruambo If, Oyelowo Ho, Gogo Appolus Obediah

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

The effects of some selected solvents extracts of Avocado Pear (Persea americana) on Cholesterol/HDL ratio of albino rats was investigated. The avocado fruit was dried at room temperature and was extracted with ethanol and N-hexane using soxhlet extractor. The phytochemical screening of ethanol, aqueous and N-hexane extracts reveals the presence of Alkaloid, Tannin, Phytate, Phenol, Oxalate, Steroid, Saponin and Glycoside. The quantitative analysis shows that Alkaloid; Aqueous Extract 0.96%, Ethanol 1.37%, N-hexane 1.81%, Phytate; Aqueous Extract 0.68%, Ethanol 1.47%, N-hexane 0.88%, Saponin; Aqueous Extract 1.28%, Ethanol 0.76%, N-hexane 1.06%, Phenol; Aqueous Extract 2.75%, Ethanol 2.43%, N-hexane 1.14%, Oxalate; Aqueous Extract 3.36%, Ethanol 2.81%, N-hexane 2.53%, Tannin; Aqueous Extract 0.69%, Ethanol 1.36%, N-hexane 0.72%, Steroid; Aqueous Extract 1.66%, Ethanol 2.04%, N-hexane 2.58%, Glycoside; Aqueous Extract 0.14%, Ethanol 0.52%, N-hexane 0.39%. Eighteen male albino rats were divided into three groups of which six rats per group; the first group were given ethanol extracts while the control receive ethanol, the second group were given N-hexane extracts while the control receive N-hexane and the third group were given aqueous extract while the untreated were feed ad libitum which serve as the control. A lipid profile test was carried out in the serum of albino rats in which the values of HDL, TRIG, LDL, CHOL and VLDL was recorded. The TC/HDL ratio was calculated by dividing Cholesterol with HDL and was plotted on a bar chart. Aqueous extract of avocado has the highest concentration in oxalate and phenol compared to ethanol and N-hexane extracts. The Total Cholesterol/HDL Ratio of untreated albino rats feed ad libitum has a ratio of 5.468 which is a high risk heart disease. Albino rats fed with aqueous extract has a ratio of 4.615 while ethanol extracts has a ratio of 4.623, they both fell in a low risk heart disease. N-hexane extract has a ratio of 3.553 which falls below average for heart disease. In conclusion, the result obtained from phytochemical concentration shows that oxalate and phenol has the highest percentage in all the solvent extracts of avocado. The cardiovascular disease marker on TC/HDL Ratio of male albino rats fed with aqueous and ethanol extracts fell within the low risk acceptable range while N-hexane extracts fell in very low average risk for CVD. The result shows that Avocado (Persea americana) reduces TC/HDL Ratio as well as boosting the “good cholesterol” (HDL) which is good for cardiovascular health.

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鳄梨部分溶剂提取物对白化大鼠胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比值的影响

研究了不同溶剂提取物对白化大鼠胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比值的影响。将牛油果在室温下干燥，用乙醇和正己烷进行索氏提取。乙醇、水和正己烷提取物的植物化学筛选显示存在生物碱、单宁、植酸、酚、草酸、类固醇、皂苷和糖苷。定量分析表明:生物碱;水提液0.96%，乙醇1.37%，正己烷1.81%，植酸盐;水提物0.68%，乙醇1.47%，正己烷0.88%，皂苷;水提物1.28%，乙醇0.76%，正己烷1.06%，苯酚;水提物2.75%，乙醇2.43%，正己烷1.14%，草酸;水提物3.36%，乙醇2.81%，正己烷2.53%，单宁;水提物0.69%，乙醇1.36%，正己烷0.72%，类固醇;水提液1.66%，乙醇2.04%，正己烷2.58%，糖苷;水提物0.14%，乙醇0.52%，正己烷0.39%。将18只雄性白化大鼠分为3组，每组6只;第一组给予乙醇萃取物，对照组给予乙醇萃取物;第二组给予正己烷萃取物，对照组给予正己烷萃取物;第三组给予水萃取物，未经处理的自由饲养，作为对照。对白化病大鼠进行血清脂质谱测定，记录血清中HDL、TRIG、LDL、CHOL、VLDL的值。TC/HDL比值通过将胆固醇除以HDL计算，并绘制在柱状图上。与乙醇和正己烷提取物相比，鳄梨水提取物的草酸盐和苯酚含量最高。未经处理的白化病大鼠自由喂养的总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比率为5.468，是一种高危心脏病。用水提取物喂养的白化大鼠的比例为4.615，用乙醇提取物喂养的白化大鼠的比例为4.623，它们患心脏病的风险都很低。正己烷提取物的比例为3.553，低于心脏病的平均水平。综上所述，植物化学浓度测定结果表明，草酸盐和苯酚在牛油果溶剂提取物中所占比例最高。用水提物和乙醇提物喂养的雄性白化大鼠的心血管疾病标志物TC/HDL比值降至低风险可接受范围内，而正己烷提物的CVD平均风险降至极低。结果表明，鳄梨(Persea americana)可降低TC/HDL比率，提高“好胆固醇”(HDL)，有利于心血管健康。

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Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research

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