European protection of Ukrainians during the martial law: The experience of Poland

IF 6.3 2区社会学 Q1 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Foreign Affairs Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.46493/2663-2675.33(4).2023.22-32

Samuel Stróż, Zdzisław Kieliszek, Oleg Yaroshenko

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Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need to find ways to improve the temporary protection of Ukrainians in Europe during the hostilities in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to analyze the norms of European legislation on the protection of Ukrainians and identify directions of improvement. The following methods make a basis of methodological approach: analysis of statistical data; comparison method; graphic method; generalization method. It was identified the countries of Europe to which more people applied for protection during the war in Ukraine. Shortcomings in the Polish legislation on the organization of temporary protection were revealed; in particular, in terms of confirming the registration of the place of Ukrainians’ stay, which allows them to move within Europe. It was made an assessment of ensuring the rights to temporary protection for Ukrainians, in particular, the employment and residence, and the feasibility and benefits of changes in Polish legislation that provide for optimization of assistance for displaced persons. According to the Polish citizens’ results of assessment of the support level for Ukrainians, it has been revealed a tendency of decline of support due to an increase in the violation of rules of conduct by Ukrainians. Directions for improving the organization of temporary protection of Ukrainians in Poland are outlined, which consist in stimulating immigrants to learn the Polish language and get a more qualified job. It is proposed to strengthen the Polish authorities’ control over the receipt of social assistance by displaced persons, to prevent the misuse of such assistance and to direct it to the necessary needs for health, education and full life of people under temporary protection in Europe. The results and conclusions are of practical importance for the authorities in the EU countries when improving the policy of temporary protection of migrants and the heads of migration and social services – when assigning social benefits

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戒严令期间欧洲对乌克兰人的保护:波兰的经验

这项研究的相关性是由于需要找到方法来改善乌克兰在欧洲的敌对行动期间对乌克兰人的临时保护。这项工作的目的是分析欧洲关于保护乌克兰人的立法规范，并确定改进方向。以下方法构成了方法学方法的基础:统计数据分析;比较法;图解法;概括的方法。在乌克兰战争期间，有更多的人向欧洲国家申请保护。揭示了波兰关于组织临时保护的立法的缺点;特别是在确认乌克兰人停留地点的登记方面，这使他们能够在欧洲境内移动。它评估了确保乌克兰人获得临时保护的权利，特别是就业和居住的权利，以及波兰立法中为流离失所者提供最佳援助的修改的可行性和益处。根据波兰公民对乌克兰人的支持程度的评估结果，由于乌克兰人违反行为规则的行为增加，显示出支持下降的趋势。提出了改善在波兰的乌克兰人临时保护组织的方向，其中包括鼓励移民学习波兰语并获得更合格的工作。建议加强波兰当局对流离失所者接受社会援助的控制，防止这种援助被滥用，并将其用于满足在欧洲受到临时保护的人在保健、教育和充分生活方面的必要需要。结果和结论对欧盟国家当局在改善移民临时保护政策以及移民和社会服务主管-分配社会福利时具有实际意义

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Foreign Affairs INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Founded in 1922, Foreign Affairs is a prominent American magazine that focuses on international relations and U.S. foreign policy. It is published by the Council on Foreign Relations, an esteemed nonpartisan think tank and membership organization dedicated to analyzing U.S. foreign policy and global affairs. While the print magazine is released every two months, the website offers daily articles and publishes anthologies every other month.