CHARACTERISTIC OF THE PM10 IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF MAKASSAR

Abstract

PM10 concentrations were measured on a weekly basis for a period of one year from February 2012 to January 2013 at one site of Makassar, Province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of nineteen elemental components have analyzed (i.e Ag, Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Si, Ti, and Zn). The elemental components were found in descending order; Ca > Si > Na > Al > Fe > K > Mg > Zn > Ti > Pb > Ni >Mn> Ba > Cu > Cr > B > Ag > Cd > Co. Four ionic species (i.e Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, NH4+) have analyzed, The ionic species were found in descending order; SO42- > NO3- > Cl- > NH4+ as well as black carbon were founded in the sample was 2.01 µg/m3. The elemental enrichment factors indicated that most of the elements were enriched relative to soil origin illustrating of their possible associations with other sources such as marine and anthropogenic derived aerosols.