Iris-Fingerprint multimodal biometric system based on optimal feature level fusion model

Abstract

For reliable and accurate multimodal biometric based person verification, demands an effective discriminant feature representation and fusion of the extracted relevant information across multiple biometric modalities. In this paper, we propose feature level fusion by adopting the concept of canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to fuse Iris and Fingerprint feature sets of the same person. The uniqueness of this approach is that it extracts maximized correlated features from feature sets of both modalities as effective discriminant information within the features sets. CCA is, therefore, suitable to analyze the underlying relationship between two feature spaces and generates more powerful feature vectors by removing redundant information. We demonstrate that an efficient multimodal recognition can be achieved with a significant reduction in feature dimensions with less computational complexity and recognition time less than one second by exploiting CCA based joint feature fusion and optimization. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, Left and Right Iris, and thumb Fingerprints from both hands of the SDUMLA-HMT multimodal dataset are considered in this experiment. We show that our proposed approach significantly outperforms in terms of equal error rate (EER) than unimodal system recognition performance. We also demonstrate that CCA based feature fusion excels than the match score level fusion. Further, an exploration of the correlation between Right Iris and Left Fingerprint images (EER of 0.1050%), and Left Iris and Right Fingerprint images (EER of 1.4286%) are also presented to consider the effect of feature dominance and laterality of the selected modalities for the robust multimodal biometric system.