The prevalence of aflatoxins in different nut samples: A global systematic review and probabilistic risk assessment

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

AIMS Agriculture and Food Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.3934/agrfood.2022009

A. Ebrahimi, Alireza Emadi, Majid Arabameri, Ahmad Jayedi, A. Abdolshahi, B. S. Yancheshmeh, N. Shariatifar

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Aflatoxins are secondary carcinogenic fungal metabolites derived from the toxic various Aspergillus species. These fungi can easily infect nuts and grains. A global systematic review was done to extract data on the concentration of aflatoxins in different nuts. Besides, risk assessment was conducted on data. The scientific databases were searched systematically from 2000 to 2020. Based on the results, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) had the most frequency in nut samples. The mean concentration of aflatoxin total (AFT) and AFB1 in nuts were as follows: peanut (37.85, 32.82 μg/kg), pistachio (31.42, 39.44 μg/kg), almond (3.54, 3.93 μg/kg), walnut (42.27, 22.23 μg/kg), hazelnut (17.33, 10.54 μg/kg), Brazil nut (4.61, 3.35 μg/kg), and other nuts (26.22, 7.38 μg/kg). According to country the margin of exposure (MOE) value for adult was as Argentina (21) > Congo (67) > India (117) > Bangladesh (175) > Cameroon (238) > Iran (357) > Bahrain (438) > Brazil (447) > Ghana (606) > South Africa (1017) > Egypt (1176) > USA (1505) > China (1526) > Cyprus (1588). The MOE of the consumers in some countries was considerably below the safety margin of 10,000. To conclude, nuts are highly consumed by different consumers, so it is necessary to emphasize strict control measures to prevent contamination of these foods with aflatoxins.

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黄曲霉毒素在不同坚果样本中的流行:一项全球系统综述和概率风险评估

黄曲霉毒素是次生致癌真菌代谢物，来源于各种曲霉。这些真菌很容易感染坚果和谷物。对不同坚果中黄曲霉毒素浓度的数据进行了全球系统评价。并对数据进行风险评估。从2000年到2020年系统地检索了科学数据库。结果表明，黄曲霉毒素B1 (AFB1)在坚果样品中含量最高。花生(37.85、32.82 μg/kg)、开心果(31.42、39.44 μg/kg)、杏仁(3.54、3.93 μg/kg)、核桃(42.27、22.23 μg/kg)、榛子(17.33、10.54 μg/kg)、巴西坚果(4.61、3.35 μg/kg)和其他坚果(26.22、7.38 μg/kg)中黄曲霉毒素总量(AFT)和AFB1的平均浓度分别为:花生(37.85、32.82 μg/kg)、开心果(31.42、39.44 μg/kg)。根据国家，成人的暴露边际(MOE)值为阿根廷(21)bbb刚果(67)>印度(117)>孟加拉国(175)>喀麦隆(238)>伊朗(357)>巴林(438)>巴西(447)>加纳(606)>南非(1017)>埃及(1176)>美国(1505)中国(1526)>塞浦路斯(1588)。在一些国家，消费者的MOE远远低于10000的安全范围。综上所述，不同的消费者大量食用坚果，因此有必要强调严格的控制措施，以防止这些食品受到黄曲霉毒素的污染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

AIMS Agriculture and Food AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： AIMS Agriculture and Food covers a broad array of topics pertaining to agriculture and food, including, but not limited to:  Agricultural and food production and utilization  Food science and technology  Agricultural and food engineering  Food chemistry and biochemistry  Food materials  Physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of agricultural and food products  Agriculture and the environment  Biorefineries in agricultural and food systems  Food security and novel alternative food sources  Traceability and regional origin of agricultural and food products  Authentication of food and agricultural products  Food safety and food microbiology  Waste reduction in agriculture and food production and processing  Animal science, aquaculture, husbandry and veterinary medicine  Resources utilization and sustainability in food and agricultural production and processing  Horticulture and plant science  Agricultural economics.