Recreating Ductility-Dip Cracking via Gleeble®-Based Welding Simulation

IF 2.2 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Samuel Luther, B. Alexandrov
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Face-centered cubic alloys, such as nickel-based alloys and austenitic stainless steels, are important to many industries, notably nuclear power generation and petrochemical. These alloys are prone to ductility-dip cracking (DDC), an inter-mediate-temperature, solid-state cracking phenomenon. They experience an abnormal elevated-temperature ductility loss, which leads to cracking upon applying sufficient restraint. A unified mechanism for DDC has been elusive. To learn more about DDC, an experimental procedure has been designed and evaluated for use in future studies. It is a thermomechanical test that replicates welding conditions via simulated strain ratcheting (SSR) using the Gleeble thermomechanical simulator. This study evaluates SSR and aims to establish the procedure is reproducible and adequately optimized for producing DDC. A design of experiments was created with four alloys tested at varying preloads, elevated temperature strains, and a number of thermomechanical cycles. Mechanical energy imposed within the DDC temperature range was used for quantification of the effect of thermomechanical cycling on the DDC response. The materials tested were 310 stainless steel and Nickel 201 base metals as well as nickel-based filler metals 52M and 52MSS. The SSR successfully recreated DDC while maintaining higher fidelity to actual production conditions than past laboratory tests and offered a more controlled environment than large-scale weld tests. Therefore, the SSR will provide a viable experimental procedure for learning more about the DDC mechanism.
基于Gleeble®的焊接模拟再现延展性浸裂
面心立方合金,如镍基合金和奥氏体不锈钢,对许多工业都很重要,尤其是核能发电和石油化工。这些合金容易发生塑性倾斜开裂(DDC),这是一种中温、固态开裂现象。它们经历了异常的高温延性损失,在施加足够的约束时导致开裂。DDC的统一机制一直难以捉摸。为了进一步了解DDC,我们设计并评估了一个实验程序,以便在未来的研究中使用。这是一种利用Gleeble热机械模拟器通过模拟应变棘轮(SSR)来复制焊接条件的热机械试验。本研究对SSR进行了评价,旨在建立可重复的、充分优化的生产DDC的程序。在不同的预载荷、高温应变和许多热机械循环下,对四种合金进行了实验设计。利用施加在DDC温度范围内的机械能来量化热-机械循环对DDC响应的影响。测试材料为310不锈钢和镍201贱金属以及镍基填充金属52M和52MSS。与过去的实验室测试相比,SSR成功地重建了DDC,同时保持了对实际生产条件的更高保真度,并且提供了比大规模焊接测试更可控的环境。因此,SSR将为进一步了解DDC机制提供一个可行的实验程序。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Welding Journal
Welding Journal 工程技术-冶金工程
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Welding Journal has been published continually since 1922 — an unmatched link to all issues and advancements concerning metal fabrication and construction. Each month the Welding Journal delivers news of the welding and metal fabricating industry. Stay informed on the latest products, trends, technology and events via in-depth articles, full-color photos and illustrations, and timely, cost-saving advice. Also featured are articles and supplements on related activities, such as testing and inspection, maintenance and repair, design, training, personal safety, and brazing and soldering.
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