Role of Regular Physical Exercise Training on the Prediabetes among Adults

Abstract

Background: People with pre-diabetes are at increased risk to develop type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Behavioral lifestyle intervention may play an important role in slowing down, stop or even reverse the progression to type 2 DM. The purpose of this study is exploring the epidemiological characteristics of prediabetes and assess the available knowledge about the role of PE intervention on prediabetic adults. Methodology: Narrative review was done through using academic database search. Fifty-one English online articles about the effect of exercises on prediabetic adults have been included in the study. Findings: Most studies agreed on positive effects of PE on glycemic status in prediabetic patients. However, some studies find slight or even no effects of lifestyle modifications including PE on developing type 2 DM and other complications. Studies agreed that, PE on both aerobic and resistance exercise adjusts cellular glucose uptake, improve insulin sensitivity, muscular and hepatic glucose metabolism resulting in more glycemic control, which reverses many pathological factors related to the usual glycemic & metabolic control and cardiopulmonary function. Substantial inconsistency in some studies could be explained by race, existing comorbidities, individual physiological status and PE prescription. Conclusion: This review suggests that PE may express a positive influence among prediabetic patients. However more population-based studies with clinical trial design are needed taking into consideration many confounders including race, gender, genetics, physiological status and PE training prescription.