Factors Associated with the Low Immunization Coverage in the Second Year of Life in the Central Region of Burkina Faso

Abstract

Introduction: The second year of life immunization is the administration of vaccines to a child between 12 and 24 months of age. After seven years of implementation of this immunization, the coverage remains low. This study was to understand the factors associated with low immunization coverage in the second year of life in Burkina Faso. Methods: The LQAS method was used to conduct a cross-sectional household survey of children aged 24 to 35 months in two health districts in the Central region. A two-level random sampling was used. Eighteen health facilities were randomly selected and then in each health facility, 1 to 4 villages were randomly selected for the study. The households were visited to collect the data. In the selected health facilities, the EPI manager and health facilities manager were questioned about vaccination during the second year of life. Results: Forgetting to vaccinate the child (25.1%), lack of time to go to health facilities on immunization day (23.3%), long waiting time in health facilities (11.0%) and far distance from the health facilities (11.0%) are the reasons given by mothers whose children did not receive MR2. Multiparous mothers were vaccinated with MR2 than Primiparous mothers (aOR = 2.4 et CI 95%=1.5 – 4.0). According to health workers, the main reasons were the lack of vaccine in 29.6% of cases and that there were not enough children to open 10 doses vial of the vaccine in 18.5% of cases. Conclusion: Targeted interventions are needed to address these contributing factors to poor immunization coverage.