Uniform Throughout the United States: Limits on Taxing as Limits on Spending

L. Claus
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Abstract

The Constitution's requirement that federal taxation be "uniform throughout the United States" precludes explicit conditioning of federal taxation upon state political identity. That limitation upon taxation informs the Constitution's obverse requirement that federal spending be for the "common Defence and general Welfare" of the United States. A state's lawful policy choices are elements of its political identity. Conditions on federal spending which explicitly target elements of a state's political identity violate the Constitution's obverse requirements that taxation be uniform and that spending be common and general.
全美统一:限制税收即限制支出
宪法要求联邦税收“在美国全境统一”,这排除了联邦税收以州的政治认同为明确条件的可能性。这种对税收的限制说明了宪法的相反要求,即联邦支出应用于美国的“共同防御和一般福利”。一个国家的合法政策选择是其政治认同的要素。明确针对州政治认同要素的联邦支出条件违反了宪法的相反要求,即税收是统一的,支出是共同的和普遍的。
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