{"title":"Water pipe smoking among female in Iran : A survey Pattern of use, risk perception and environmental factors","authors":"Bashirian Saeed, Barati Majid, Karami Manoochehr, Hamzeh Behrooz, Ezati Elahe","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000160","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Considering the prevalence of water pipe smoking among female adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to investigate determinants of water pipe smoking, use pattern, risk perception and environmental factors among female in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1302 adolescent females in Kermanshah city, western Iran, in 2019. The method was multi-stage sampling with a systematic random approach. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Statistical tests included descriptive statistics and linear and logistic regression analyses. Results: 32.4% of the participants reported ever water pipe smoking and 20.4% mentioned they used WP at the present time. 60 % of water pipe smoking believed that water pipe smoking is less harmful than cigarettes. 78 % participants believed water pipe smoking 1 h a day was not danjerous and environmental factors affect the tendency to water pipe smoking. Conclusions: water pipe smoking by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level phenomenon, and the major factors for their determining existat multiple levels of individual, interpersonal and environmental factor, which should be considered for intervention, prevention, an control of water pipe smoking. Research Article Water pipe smoking among female in Iran : A survey Pattern of use, risk perception and environmental factors Saeed Bashirian1, Majid Barati1, Manoochehr Karami2, Behrooz Hamzeh3 and Elahe Ezati4* 1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 3Research Center for Environmental Determinacies of Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 4Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Received: 09 August, 2021 Accepted: 10 September, 2021 Published: 13 September, 2021 *Corresponding author: Elahe Ezati, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Tel: +989189206695; E-mail:","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of community medicine and public health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000160","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
Background: Considering the prevalence of water pipe smoking among female adolescents and the need to identify the components and dimensions of such behaviors, this study was conducted to investigate determinants of water pipe smoking, use pattern, risk perception and environmental factors among female in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1302 adolescent females in Kermanshah city, western Iran, in 2019. The method was multi-stage sampling with a systematic random approach. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Statistical tests included descriptive statistics and linear and logistic regression analyses. Results: 32.4% of the participants reported ever water pipe smoking and 20.4% mentioned they used WP at the present time. 60 % of water pipe smoking believed that water pipe smoking is less harmful than cigarettes. 78 % participants believed water pipe smoking 1 h a day was not danjerous and environmental factors affect the tendency to water pipe smoking. Conclusions: water pipe smoking by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level phenomenon, and the major factors for their determining existat multiple levels of individual, interpersonal and environmental factor, which should be considered for intervention, prevention, an control of water pipe smoking. Research Article Water pipe smoking among female in Iran : A survey Pattern of use, risk perception and environmental factors Saeed Bashirian1, Majid Barati1, Manoochehr Karami2, Behrooz Hamzeh3 and Elahe Ezati4* 1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 3Research Center for Environmental Determinacies of Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 4Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Received: 09 August, 2021 Accepted: 10 September, 2021 Published: 13 September, 2021 *Corresponding author: Elahe Ezati, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Tel: +989189206695; E-mail: