Continuous Positive Airway Pressure as a Potential Treatment for Preeclampsia

Abstract

Accumulating data indicate that obstructive sleep apnea is an independent risk factor for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, contributing to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Preliminary studies have demonstrated the benefits of early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in pregnant women who are at high risk for preeclampsiato prevent pre-eclampsia and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. High-risk pregnant women - such as those with obesity, chronic hypertension, and a prior history of preeclampsia- should be evaluated for diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing given the possible benefit of early CPAP application. The pathophysiological evidence linking preeclampsia and sleep-disordered breathing was also reviewed to support the rationale for CPAP application in addition to conventional preeclampsia treatment. Improved knowledge among healthcare providers about sleep disorders during pregnancy is needed, and large scale studies should be performed to investigate the role of early CPAP intervention during pregnancy.