АНАЛИЗ ФРАКТАЛЬНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГЕОМЕТРИИ ГОРНЫХ ВЫРАБОТОК ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ КАЧЕСТВА КОНТУРНОГО ВЗРЫВАНИЯ

Q3 Engineering

Gornye nauki i tekhnologii Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI:10.17073/2500-0632-2018-3-26-34

Олег Георгиевич Латышев, Д. В. Прищепа

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Abstract

The work examines the ways of estimating the smooth wall blasting quality when excavating mine workings. One of the main criteria is to achieve “smooth” mine working contour. It is shown that the mine working contour line represents a fractal object; its geometry is properly estimated by fractional fractal dimension. The definition of fractal dimension is based on the Richardson’s law, which connects the length of infinitely broken line and measurement interval. The calculation algorithm of fractal dimension in computer program is introduced. The analysis of real mine working contours which are formed in the process of drilling and blasting operations, allowed to determine statistically reliable connection of roughness coefficient of the mine working surface and the value of its fractal dimension. Quality criterion for smooth wall blasting is suggested – fractal coefficient of mine working shape. Its value represents the relation of equivalent cross-section area of a mine working to its perimeter, which is determined by fractal dimension of a contour. Obtained ratios allow to reliably estimate the quality of smooth wall blasting when excavating mine workings.

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测量地形爆炸质量的分形特征分析

探讨了矿山掘进时光面爆破质量的评价方法。实现“光滑”的矿山工作轮廓是矿山开采的主要标准之一。结果表明，矿山工作等高线是一个分形对象;用分数分形维数对其几何形状进行了适当的估计。分形维数的定义基于理查德森定律，该定律将无限折线的长度与测量区间联系起来。介绍了计算机程序中分形维数的计算算法。通过对钻爆作业过程中形成的真实矿山工作轮廓线的分析，确定了矿山工作面的粗糙度系数与其分形维数的统计可靠关系。提出了光面爆破的质量判据——矿井工作形态分形系数。它的值表示矿山开采的等效横截面积与周长的关系，由等值线的分形维数决定。所得到的比值可以可靠地估计矿山掘进时光面爆破的质量。

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