Axiology of neophrasemes and phraseotransformations in lexicographic interpretation

Abstract

The article presents the authors’ solution to the problem of dictionary description of neophrasemes and transformed phraseological units. The aim of the article is to show the axiology of phraseological neologisms in its dynamics and to reveal the possibilities of lexicographic interpretation of the evaluative vector of new and transformed phraseological units. The lexicographic experience accumulated by the authors in this direction is summarized. The models of axiological parameterization of phraseological neologisms developed for the updated versions of phraseological and slang dictionaries using the method of structural-semantic modeling, contextual, historical-etymological and linguoculturological analysis are shown on the phraseological material of the last three decades. The research revealed trends in updating the phraseology of the national language and its social variants. The sources of new axiological phraseological units in the field of literature, cinema, political discourse, and advertising are considered. The axiological semantics of neo-phrasemes borrowed from the English language, reflecting new facts and trends in the sociopolitical and economic spheres, is determined. The results of the study have led to conclusions about the optimal ways of representing the axiological semantics of neophrasemes, developed in addition to the materials of the Large Dictionary of Russian Sayings, the Large Dictionary of Russian Jargon, and the special dictionary of new Russian phraseology: for this purpose, not only traditional “stylistic” marks can be used, but also evaluatively oriented definitions and comments that reveal the motives of naming and chronotopic labeling of neophrasemes. As illustrations, in addition to text fragments, Internet memes that explicate the meaning of phraseological neologisms will be useful. The expediency of creating a special dictionary of phraseotransforms, in most cases implementing the function of evaluating objects and phenomena in socially significant areas, is proved. An algorithm for describing phraseotrans-forms in a complex dictionary entry under the heading in the form of a phraseological unit in canonical form is presented. This will make it possible to trace the evaluative constants of linguaculture and the reorientation of the axiological vector and the function of the phraseological unit, which in the act of transformation loses its negative evaluativeness, turns into a hashtag, a fragment of an email address or is remotivated and becomes a visual phraseo-joke in the format of an Internet meme. The results of the study will be useful for the development of the theory of linguoaxiology and phraseographic practice. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.