Management of Total Dyspnea

Abstract

Dyspnea, is an unpleasant sensation defined as “a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity” [1]. It is of considerable burden with high prevalence in advanced cancer, heart failure and chronic lung disease that increase towards the end of lif [2,3], lead to significant healthcare utilization [4], and adversely impacts on patients’ quality of life [2].