Assessment of Lipid Profile Pattern in Patients with Hyperthyroidism in a Tertiary Hospital in Kano, North Western Nigeria

Abstract

Background : Hyperthyroidism is an important metabolic disorder associated with multiple biochemical abnormalities that have direct impact on lipid metabolism. The aim of the current study is to assess lipid profile pattern in patients with hyperthyroidism attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Methods : A case control study conducted during the period of November 2015 to December 2017 among 100 hyperthyroidism patients before treatment and 100 apparently healthy individuals as controls with age between 18-70 years. Sixty eight of the patients were females while thirty two were males. Fasting blood was collected from each individual to determine serum TSH, T3 and T4 with quantitative ELISA assay technique, Product of ACCU BIND Inc., USA. Lipid profile was measured by an enzymatic spectrophotometric method and precipitation enzymatic method for HDL-C. SPSS software package version 20 was used for the analysis of data. Results : The results of the present study showed that the mean values of T3, T4, TG and TG/HDL-C ratio were significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients with hyperthyroidism than the control group while TSH, T4/T3 ratio TC, HDL-C and LDL-C were significantly lower (p<0.05) in patients with hyperthyroidism than the control group. There were significant (p<0.05) and positive correlations between TSH and TC, HDL-C and LDL-C respectively in the patients. There was no significant (p<0.05) correlation between TSH and TG in the patients. There were no significant correlations in the control group of the respective analytes. Conclusion : Our results revealed that hyperthyroidism was associated with decrease total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and slightly increased triglycerides. LDL and negative correlation, but not significant between TSH a pond TGs. These findings are similar with the report of Shashi A and Sharma N [31]. They reported positive correlations between serum TSH and TC, TSH and LDL, TSH and HDL, but not with TSH and TG. On the other positive correlations changes in resting subsequent loss of disparities findings compared previous findings differences in the research design and the subjects used in the studies.