Review on Synthetic Approaches toward the Synthesis of Clozapine, an Antipsychotic Drug

IF 3.1 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Organic Process Research & Development Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI:10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00093

Siddhanath D. Bhosle, Shivanand V. Itage, Krishna A. Jadhav, Rajesh S. Bhosale* and Jhillu Singh Yadav*,

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Abstract

A persistent and severe mental illness called Schizophrenia affects 20 million people globally. There is not a single component that causes Schizophrenia, according to research. Schizophrenia is hypothesized to result from genetic and environmental interactions, among other things. Antipsychotic medications, including Clozapine, Aripiprazole, Asenapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, and Cariprazine, are used to treat the majority of Schizophrenia cases. Clozapine is the first atypical antipsychotic and psychiatric medication (also called a second-generation antipsychotic, SGA). Clozapine was authorized in the US in December 2002 to lower the risk of suicide in individuals with Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were considered to be at chronic risk for suicidal behavior. It is mostly used to treat individuals with Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders who have not responded well to other antipsychotic medications or are unable to tolerate other medications because of extrapyramidal side effects. A brief background of recent developments in the synthesis of the Clozapine drug molecule is provided in this review.

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抗精神病药物氯氮平的合成方法综述

一种名为精神分裂症的持续性严重精神疾病影响着全球2000万人。研究表明，导致精神分裂症的因素并不是单一的。据推测，精神分裂症是由遗传和环境相互作用以及其他因素造成的。抗精神病药物，包括氯氮平、阿立哌唑、阿塞那平、奥氮平、奎硫平、利培酮和卡里吡嗪，被用于治疗大多数精神分裂症病例。氯氮平是第一种非典型抗精神病和精神药物(也称为第二代抗精神病药物，SGA)。氯氮平于2002年12月在美国获得批准，用于降低精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍患者的自杀风险，这些患者被认为有自杀行为的慢性风险。它主要用于治疗对其他抗精神病药物反应不佳或由于锥体外系副作用而无法耐受其他药物的精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍患者。本文简要介绍了氯氮平药物分子合成的最新进展。

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来源期刊

Organic Process Research & Development 化学-应用化学

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

14.70%

发文量

251

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The journal Organic Process Research & Development serves as a communication tool between industrial chemists and chemists working in universities and research institutes. As such, it reports original work from the broad field of industrial process chemistry but also presents academic results that are relevant, or potentially relevant, to industrial applications. Process chemistry is the science that enables the safe, environmentally benign and ultimately economical manufacturing of organic compounds that are required in larger amounts to help address the needs of society. Consequently, the Journal encompasses every aspect of organic chemistry, including all aspects of catalysis, synthetic methodology development and synthetic strategy exploration, but also includes aspects from analytical and solid-state chemistry and chemical engineering, such as work-up tools，process safety, or flow-chemistry. The goal of development and optimization of chemical reactions and processes is their transfer to a larger scale; original work describing such studies and the actual implementation on scale is highly relevant to the journal. However, studies on new developments from either industry, research institutes or academia that have not yet been demonstrated on scale, but where an industrial utility can be expected and where the study has addressed important prerequisites for a scale-up and has given confidence into the reliability and practicality of the chemistry, also serve the mission of OPR&D as a communication tool between the different contributors to the field.