Patterned person-situation fit in daily life: Examining magnitudes, stabilities, and correlates of trait-situation and state-situation fit

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
J. Rauthmann, R. Sherman
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Person-situation fit can be operationalized as within-person associations between profiles of personality traits and situation characteristics (trait-situation fit) as well as personality states and situation characteristics (state-situation fit). We provide an initial examination of basic properties (magnitudes, individual differences, reliabilities, intercorrelations), short-term stability (across weeks), and nomological correlates of overall and distinctive profile-level person-situation fits. In a real-life, multi-method multi-occasion design (N = 204–209), we obtained data on participants’ traits (self- and informant-reported) as well as, at four time-points from their everyday lives, on situation characteristics (self- and coder-reported) and states (self-reported). Profile scores (q-correlations) were computed across 35 cognate items between the CAQ (traits), RSQ (situations), and RBQ (states). Our descriptive and exploratory findings indicated that trait-situation and state-situation fits were sizable (overall more so than distinctive forms), and that there were substantial individual differences, which were only modestly stable during a short period and had some plausible nomological correlates (i.e., lower depression and neuroticism, but higher psychological well-being and happiness) that were driven mainly by normativity. Most findings replicated across measurement sources (self- vs. other-reports). Person-situation fit concepts, once further corroborated, could further personality-psychological research.
日常生活中模式化的人-情境契合度:检查特质-情境和状态-情境契合度的大小、稳定性和相关性
人-情境契合可以被操作化为人格特质轮廓与情境特征(特质-情境契合)以及人格状态与情境特征(状态-情境契合)之间的人内关联。我们提供了基本属性(大小、个体差异、可靠性、相互关系)、短期稳定性(跨周)以及总体和独特的个人-情境匹配的法理相关性的初步检查。在现实生活中,多方法多场合设计(N = 204-209),我们获得了参与者的特征(自我报告和举报人报告)以及他们日常生活中四个时间点的情境特征(自我报告和编码者报告)和状态(自我报告)的数据。在CAQ(性状)、RSQ(情景)和RBQ(状态)之间的35个同源项目中计算概要分数(q相关性)。我们的描述性和探索性发现表明,特质-情境和状态-情境的契合度相当大(总体上比独特的形式更大),并且存在实质性的个体差异,这些差异仅在短期内适度稳定,并且具有一些似是而非的法则相关性(即,较低的抑郁和神经质,但较高的心理幸福感和幸福感),这些相关性主要由规范性驱动。大多数研究结果在不同的测量来源(自我报告与他人报告)中得到了重复。人-情境契合概念一旦得到进一步证实,将进一步推动人格心理学的研究。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Personality
European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.50%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
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