Insight into the Molecular Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease

IF 3.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

International Journal of Biomedical Imaging Pub Date : 2016-01-10 DOI:10.1155/2016/7462014

A. Arora, Neeta Bhagat

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引用次数: 19

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Earlier it was diagnosed only via clinical assessments and confirmed by postmortem brain histopathology. The development of validated biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease has given impetus to improve diagnostics and accelerate the development of new therapies. Functional imaging like positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides a means of detecting and characterising the regional changes in brain blood flow, metabolism, and receptor binding sites that are associated with Alzheimer's disease. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques have indicated changes in brain structure and metabolic activity, and an array of neurochemical variations that are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Radiotracer-based PET and SPECT potentially provide sensitive, accurate methods for the early detection of disease. This paper presents a review of neuroimaging modalities like PET, SPECT, and selected imaging biomarkers/tracers used for the early diagnosis of AD. Neuroimaging with such biomarkers and tracers could achieve a much higher diagnostic accuracy for AD and related disorders in the future.

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洞察阿尔茨海默病的分子成像

阿尔茨海默病是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病，影响着全世界数百万人。早期仅通过临床评估诊断，并通过死后脑组织病理学证实。经过验证的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的发展推动了提高诊断和加速新疗法的发展。功能成像如正电子发射断层扫描(PET)、单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT)、功能磁共振成像(fMRI)和质子磁共振波谱提供了一种检测和表征与阿尔茨海默病相关的脑血流、代谢和受体结合位点的区域变化的手段。多模态神经成像技术显示了脑结构和代谢活动的变化，以及与神经退行性疾病相关的一系列神经化学变异。基于放射性示踪剂的PET和SPECT可能为疾病的早期检测提供敏感、准确的方法。本文综述了用于AD早期诊断的神经成像方式，如PET、SPECT和选定的成像生物标志物/示踪剂。使用这些生物标记物和示踪剂的神经影像学在未来可以实现对AD和相关疾病更高的诊断准确性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Biomedical Imaging ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL-

CiteScore

12.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Biomedical Imaging is managed by a board of editors comprising internationally renowned active researchers. The journal is freely accessible online and also offered for purchase in print format. It employs a web-based review system to ensure swift turnaround times while maintaining high standards. In addition to regular issues, special issues are organized by guest editors. The subject areas covered include (but are not limited to): Digital radiography and tomosynthesis X-ray computed tomography (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) Positron emission tomography (PET) Ultrasound imaging Diffuse optical tomography, coherence, fluorescence, bioluminescence tomography, impedance tomography Neutron imaging for biomedical applications Magnetic and optical spectroscopy, and optical biopsy Optical, electron, scanning tunneling/atomic force microscopy Small animal imaging Functional, cellular, and molecular imaging Imaging assays for screening and molecular analysis Microarray image analysis and bioinformatics Emerging biomedical imaging techniques Imaging modality fusion Biomedical imaging instrumentation Biomedical image processing, pattern recognition, and analysis Biomedical image visualization, compression, transmission, and storage Imaging and modeling related to systems biology and systems biomedicine Applied mathematics, applied physics, and chemistry related to biomedical imaging Grid-enabling technology for biomedical imaging and informatics