Trends in U.S. adolescent physical activity and obesity: A 20-year age-period-cohort analysis

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.12996

Travis Loux, Morgan Matusik, Asja Hamzic

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background

Adolescent obesity can lead to long-term health problems and is a topic of major concern in pediatric and broader medical and public health spheres. Numerous national and state-wide initiatives aimed at increasing physical activity and/or improving nutrition in this age group have assumed the goal of reducing the prevalence adolescent obesity.

Objectives

We assess trends in U.S. adolescent physical activity and body mass index between 1999 and 2019.

Methods

Using data from the U.S. Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance System, we analyse data from 144 544 14-to-18-year-old respondents. We use multilevel linear and logistic regression to perform age-period-cohort analyses attributing changes in physical activity and body mass index over time to these three sources.

Results

Age and period effects are strong in all outcomes studied. Physical activity consistently decreases with age across the study period. Age trends in obesity have reversed in recent years, with older adolescents now more likely to be have obesity than younger adolescents. Both female and Asian adolescents report less physical activity but lower rates of obesity than their male and non-Asian counterparts.

Conclusions

The reversal of obesity trends by age with little change in physical activity over the study period suggests other lifestyle factors have changed over the study period to increase the prevalence of obesity in older adolescents.

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美国青少年体育活动与肥胖的趋势:一项20年年龄组队列分析

青少年肥胖可导致长期健康问题，是儿科和更广泛的医疗和公共卫生领域主要关注的话题。许多旨在增加这一年龄组的身体活动和/或改善营养的国家和州范围的倡议都以减少青少年肥胖的流行为目标。我们评估1999年至2019年间美国青少年身体活动和体重指数的趋势。方法使用来自美国青少年危险行为监测系统的数据，我们分析了144 544名14- 18岁受访者的数据。我们使用多水平线性和逻辑回归进行年龄-时期-队列分析，将体力活动和体重指数随时间的变化归因于这三个来源。结果年龄和时期的影响在所有研究结果中都很强。在整个研究期间，身体活动一直随着年龄的增长而减少。近年来，肥胖的年龄趋势已经逆转，现在年龄较大的青少年比年龄较小的青少年更容易肥胖。与男性和非亚洲青少年相比，女性和亚洲青少年的体力活动都较少，但肥胖率较低。在研究期间，肥胖趋势随年龄的变化而发生逆转，体育活动几乎没有变化，这表明在研究期间，其他生活方式因素发生了变化，增加了大龄青少年的肥胖患病率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.