Why do some fish grow faster than others?

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES
Harriet R. Goodrich, Timothy D. Clark
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

All animals must acquire food to grow, but there is a vast diversity in how different species and even different individuals approach and achieve this task. Individuals within a species appear to fall along a bold-shy continuum, whereby some fish acquire food aggressively and with seemingly high risk, while others appear more submissive and opportunistic. Greater food consumption generally results in faster growth, but only if the energy acquired through food is more than enough to compensate for heightened metabolism associated with a more active lifestyle. Fast-growing phenotypes also tend to have elevated baseline metabolism – at least when food is plentiful – which may be linked with gut morphology and digestive efficiency. The net energy gained from a meal (as calculated from the specific dynamic action (SDA) coefficient) is optimised with larger meal sizes, but the digestion of large meals can erode the aerobic metabolic scope available for other critical activities such as predator avoidance, perhaps at an interindividual level. Thus, complex interactions between an individual's genes and environment are likely to regulate the growth phenotype. This review compiles available knowledge to shed light on the question: Why do some fish grow faster than others? We discuss the elaborate interrelationships between behaviour, physiology and the gut microbiome with a goal to better understand what drives interindividual differences in growth performance.

为什么有些鱼比其他鱼长得快?
所有的动物都必须获取食物才能生长,但不同的物种甚至不同的个体如何处理和完成这一任务有着巨大的差异。一个物种中的个体似乎沿着一个大胆的连续体下降,其中一些鱼攻击性地获取食物,似乎冒着很高的风险,而另一些鱼则显得更顺从和机会主义。更多的食物消耗通常会导致更快的生长,但前提是通过食物获得的能量足以补偿与更积极的生活方式相关的新陈代谢加快。快速生长的表现型也倾向于提高基线代谢——至少在食物充足的时候——这可能与肠道形态和消化效率有关。从一餐中获得的净能量(根据特定动态作用(SDA)系数计算)随着餐量的增加而优化,但大餐的消化可能会在个体间水平上侵蚀其他关键活动(如捕食者躲避)可用的有氧代谢范围。因此,个体基因和环境之间复杂的相互作用可能调节生长表型。这篇综述汇编了现有的知识来阐明这个问题:为什么有些鱼比其他鱼长得快?我们详细讨论了行为、生理和肠道微生物组之间的相互关系,目的是更好地理解是什么驱动了生长性能的个体间差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Fish and Fisheries
Fish and Fisheries 农林科学-渔业
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
6.00%
发文量
83
期刊介绍: Fish and Fisheries adopts a broad, interdisciplinary approach to the subject of fish biology and fisheries. It draws contributions in the form of major synoptic papers and syntheses or meta-analyses that lay out new approaches, re-examine existing findings, methods or theory, and discuss papers and commentaries from diverse areas. Focal areas include fish palaeontology, molecular biology and ecology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, ecology, behaviour, evolutionary studies, conservation, assessment, population dynamics, mathematical modelling, ecosystem analysis and the social, economic and policy aspects of fisheries where they are grounded in a scientific approach. A paper in Fish and Fisheries must draw upon all key elements of the existing literature on a topic, normally have a broad geographic and/or taxonomic scope, and provide general points which make it compelling to a wide range of readers whatever their geographical location. So, in short, we aim to publish articles that make syntheses of old or synoptic, long-term or spatially widespread data, introduce or consolidate fresh concepts or theory, or, in the Ghoti section, briefly justify preliminary, new synoptic ideas. Please note that authors of submissions not meeting this mandate will be directed to the appropriate primary literature.
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