Addiction and Temporal Bandwidth

D. Goldin
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Psychoanalytic thinkers tend to conflate addiction with the use of substances. At any moment of use, a substance can have emotion-regulating qualities and may even appear to be a symbolic substitute for a person or a function (a theory at the heart of the self-psychological approach to compulsive substance use). However, addiction—as opposed to use—is a state that happens over time and represents a loss of choice. It is my belief that far from being a symbolic act, addiction is an anti-symbolic state, plucking an individual from a narrative mode of being, which requires a human context and a broad, dynamic sense of time, to a conditioned mode or a somatic feedback mode, which relies largely on positive and negative reinforcement and tends to narrow temporal horizons. A tenet of this article is that a rigidly narrow subjective sense of time, what I call “low temporal bandwidth,” is the most prominent feature in a person’s vulnerability to addiction, a feature linked to a conditioned mode of being, as opposed to a narrative mode. This article traces some of the early relational pathways to low temporal bandwidth and explores how a new human context in therapy, centered on the elaboration of emotional states into narratives, can allow for more flexible, dynamic temporal bandwidth that often dramatically loosens the pull of addiction.
成瘾和时间带宽
精神分析思想家倾向于将成瘾与物质使用混为一谈。在任何使用的时刻,一种物质都可以具有调节情绪的特性,甚至可能是一个人或一种功能的象征性替代品(强迫性物质使用的自我心理学方法的核心理论)。然而,上瘾——与使用相反——是一种随着时间的推移而发生的状态,代表着失去选择。我认为,成瘾远非一种象征行为,而是一种反象征状态,将个体从需要人类背景和广泛、动态的时间感的叙事模式中拉出来,进入一种条件模式或躯体反馈模式,这种模式主要依赖于积极和消极强化,并倾向于缩小时间视野。本文的一个原则是,严格狭隘的主观时间感,我称之为“低时间带宽”,是一个人容易上瘾的最突出特征,这一特征与条件模式有关,而不是叙事模式。这篇文章追溯了一些早期的低时间带宽的关系路径,并探索了一种新的人类治疗环境,以情绪状态的叙述为中心,如何允许更灵活、动态的时间带宽,这通常会极大地放松成瘾的吸引力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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