Afforestation can lower microbial diversity and functionality in deep soil layers in a semiarid region

IF 12 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Weibo Kong, Xiaorong Wei, Yonghong Wu, Mingan Shao, Qian Zhang, Michael J. Sadowsky, Satoshi Ishii, Peter B. Reich, Gehong Wei, Shuo Jiao, Liping Qiu, Liling Liu
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引用次数: 23

Abstract

Afforestation is an effective approach to rehabilitate degraded ecosystems, but often depletes deep soil moisture. Presently, it is not known how an afforestation-induced decrease in moisture affects soil microbial community and functionality, hindering our ability to understand the sustainability of the rehabilitated ecosystems. To address this issue, we examined the impacts of 20 years of afforestation on soil bacterial community, co-occurrence pattern, and functionalities along vertical profile (0–500 cm depth) in a semiarid region of China's Loess Plateau. We showed that the effects of afforestation with a deep-rooted legume tree on cropland were greater in deep than that of in top layers, resulting in decreased bacterial beta diversity, more responsive bacterial taxa and functional groups, increased homogeneous selection, and decreased network robustness in deep soils (120–500 cm). Organic carbon and nitrogen decomposition rates and multifunctionality also significantly decreased by afforestation, and microbial carbon limitation significantly increased in deep soils. Moreover, changes in microbial community and functionality in deep layer was largely related to changes in soil moisture. Such negative impacts on deep soils should be fully considered for assessing afforestation's eco-environment effects and for the sustainability of ecosystems because deep soils have important influence on forest ecosystems in semiarid and arid climates.

在半干旱区,植树造林会降低深层土壤微生物的多样性和功能
造林是恢复退化生态系统的有效途径,但往往会耗尽深层土壤水分。目前尚不清楚造林引起的水分减少如何影响土壤微生物群落和功能,这阻碍了我们了解恢复生态系统的可持续性。为了解决这一问题,我们研究了20年造林对黄土高原半干旱区土壤细菌群落、共生模式和垂直剖面(0-500 cm深度)功能的影响。研究结果表明,深层豆科树造林对农田的影响大于表层,导致深层土壤(120 ~ 500 cm)细菌多样性下降,细菌类群和功能群响应性增强,同质性选择增加,网络鲁棒性降低。深层土壤的有机碳、氮分解速率和多功能性显著降低,微生物碳限制显著提高。此外,深层微生物群落和功能的变化与土壤水分的变化有很大关系。由于深层土壤对半干旱和干旱气候下的森林生态系统具有重要影响,因此在评估造林的生态环境效应和生态系统的可持续性时应充分考虑对深层土壤的负面影响。
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来源期刊
Global Change Biology
Global Change Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
21.50
自引率
5.20%
发文量
497
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Global Change Biology is an environmental change journal committed to shaping the future and addressing the world's most pressing challenges, including sustainability, climate change, environmental protection, food and water safety, and global health. Dedicated to fostering a profound understanding of the impacts of global change on biological systems and offering innovative solutions, the journal publishes a diverse range of content, including primary research articles, technical advances, research reviews, reports, opinions, perspectives, commentaries, and letters. Starting with the 2024 volume, Global Change Biology will transition to an online-only format, enhancing accessibility and contributing to the evolution of scholarly communication.
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