Paciente con alto riesgo cardiovascular y fibrilación auricular: papel del rivaroxabán

Abstract

Traditionally the primary aim of anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation was the prevention of stroke. However, these patients actually have numerous comorbidities that also have a substantial impact on prognosis and that must be treated. These considerations should also play a role in selecting the best anticoagulant treatment for patients with a high cardiovascular risk. In general, direct oral anticoagulants have consistently been shown to have superior efficacy and safety to warfarin, irrespective of whether patients have a history of stroke, transient ischemic attack, diabetes, renal insufficiency or myocardial infarction. In particular, studies have shown that rivaroxaban is associated with a lower risk of myocardial infarction and fewer renal complications than warfarin. In a subgroup study of the ROCKET-AF trial, it was found that rivaroxaban significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (by 20%). Moreover, studies carried out in routine clinical practice showed that the drug significantly reduces the risk of both major cardiovascular events and peripheral artery disease. As a result, rivaroxaban could be considered the preferred option for anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and a high cardiovascular risk, given the additional benefits it provides in this population.