Traditional Chinese Medicine in Osteoporosis Intervention and the Related Regulatory Mechanism of Gut Microbiome.

The American journal of Chinese medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-27 DOI:10.1142/S0192415X23500866
Kun Li, Yiping Jiang, Nani Wang, Liyong Lai, Shengyan Xu, Tianshuang Xia, Xiaoqiang Yue, Hailiang Xin
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Abstract

The gut microbiome (GM) has become a crucial factor that can affect the progression of osteoporosis. A number of studies have demonstrated the impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on GM and bone metabolism. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms of the relationship between osteoporosis and GM disorder and introduce several natural Chinese medicines that exert anti-osteoporosis effects by modulating the GM. It is underlined that, through the provision of the microbial associated molecular pattern (MAMP), the GM causes inflammatory reactions and alterations in the Treg-Th17 balance and ultimately leads to changes in bone mass. Serotonin and many hormones, especially estrogen, may play a crucial role in the interaction of the GM with bone metabolism. Additionally, the GM may affect the absorption of specific nutrients in the intestine, particularly minerals like calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Several natural Chinese herbs, such as Sambucus Williamsii, Achyranthes bidentata Blume, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms, Pueraria Lobata, and Agaricus blazei Murill have exhibited anti-osteoporosis effects through regulating the distribution and metabolism of the GM. These herbs may increase the abundance of Firmicutes, decrease the abundance of Bacteroides, promote the GM to produce more SCFAs, modulate the immune response caused by harmful bacteria, and increase the proportion of Treg-Th17 to indirectly affect bone metabolism. Moreover, gut-derived 5-HT is an important target for TCM to prevent osteoporosis via the gut-bone axis. Puerarin could prevent osteoporosis by improving intestinal mucosal integrity and decrease systemic inflammation caused by estrogen deficiency.

中医药对骨质疏松症的干预及肠道微生物组的相关调控机制。
肠道微生物组(GM)已成为影响骨质疏松症进展的关键因素。许多研究已经证明了中药对转基因和骨代谢的影响。在这篇综述中,我们总结了骨质疏松症与转基因疾病之间关系的潜在机制,并介绍了几种通过调节转基因发挥抗骨质疏松作用的天然中药,GM会引起炎症反应和Treg-Th17平衡的改变,并最终导致骨量的变化。血清素和许多激素,尤其是雌激素,可能在GM与骨代谢的相互作用中发挥关键作用。此外,转基因可能会影响肠道对特定营养物质的吸收,尤其是钙、镁和磷等矿物质。一些天然中草药,如接骨木、牛膝、平菇和灵芝、葛根和姬松茸,通过调节GM的分布和代谢,表现出抗骨质疏松的作用。这些草药可能增加厚壁菌门的丰度,降低拟杆菌的丰度,促进GM产生更多的SCFA,调节有害细菌引起的免疫反应,并增加Treg-Th17的比例以间接影响骨代谢。此外,肠源性5-HT是中医通过肠骨轴预防骨质疏松症的重要靶点。葛根素可通过改善肠黏膜完整性和减少雌激素缺乏引起的全身炎症来预防骨质疏松症。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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