{"title":"Charles Galton Darwin’s 1922 quantum theory of optical dispersion","authors":"Benjamin Johnson","doi":"10.1140/epjh/e2020-80058-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>\nThe quantum theory of dispersion was an important conceptual advancement which led out of the crisis of the old quantum theory in the early 1920s and aided in the formulation of matrix mechanics in 1925. The theory of Charles Galton Darwin, often cited only for its reliance on the statistical conservation of energy, was a wave-based attempt to explain dispersion phenomena at a time between the theories of Ladenburg and Kramers. It contributed to future successes in quantum theory, such as the virtual oscillator, while revealing through its own shortcomings the limitations of the wave theory of light in the interaction of light and matter. After its publication, Darwin’s theory was widely discussed amongst his colleagues as the competing interpretation to Compton’s in X-ray scattering experiments. It also had a pronounced influence on John C. Slater, whose ideas formed the basis of the BKS theory.\n</p>","PeriodicalId":791,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal H","volume":"45 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1140/epjh/e2020-80058-7","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The European Physical Journal H","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjh/e2020-80058-7","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
The quantum theory of dispersion was an important conceptual advancement which led out of the crisis of the old quantum theory in the early 1920s and aided in the formulation of matrix mechanics in 1925. The theory of Charles Galton Darwin, often cited only for its reliance on the statistical conservation of energy, was a wave-based attempt to explain dispersion phenomena at a time between the theories of Ladenburg and Kramers. It contributed to future successes in quantum theory, such as the virtual oscillator, while revealing through its own shortcomings the limitations of the wave theory of light in the interaction of light and matter. After its publication, Darwin’s theory was widely discussed amongst his colleagues as the competing interpretation to Compton’s in X-ray scattering experiments. It also had a pronounced influence on John C. Slater, whose ideas formed the basis of the BKS theory.
色散量子理论是一个重要的概念进步，它使20世纪20年代早期的旧量子理论走出了危机，并有助于1925年矩阵力学的形成。查尔斯·高尔顿·达尔文(Charles Galton Darwin)的理论经常被引用，只是因为它依赖于能量的统计守恒，这是一种基于波动的理论，试图解释在Ladenburg和Kramers理论之间的色散现象。它为未来量子理论的成功做出了贡献，例如虚振，同时通过其自身的缺点揭示了光与物质相互作用的波动理论的局限性。出版后，达尔文的理论在他的同事中被广泛讨论，作为康普顿在x射线散射实验中的竞争性解释。它对约翰·c·斯莱特(John C. Slater)也有明显的影响，后者的思想构成了BKS理论的基础。
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The purpose of this journal is to catalyse, foster, and disseminate an awareness and understanding of the historical development of ideas in contemporary physics, and more generally, ideas about how Nature works.
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