Therapeutic potential of essential oils in Acanthamoeba keratitis

IF 7.3 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Phytochemistry Reviews Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI:10.1007/s11101-022-09850-z

Douglas Santos Porto, Karin Silva Caumo, Thiago Caon

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Abstract

New therapeutic agents for amoebic keratitis are needed considering that drugs currently marketed are toxic and not effective against protozoan cystic forms. The antimicrobial action of essential oils (EOs) is already reported in the literature, which has motivated investigations of their anti-Acanthamoeba potential. Unlike synthetic drugs, plant materials have been often identified as less cytotoxic. In this review, the anti-Acanthamoeba potential of EOs was demonstrated not only based on the anti-protozoan activity as anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity studies of EOs active were analyzed. EOs were able to prevent the conversion of the protozoan trophozoite to cystic form. In a study performed with Trachyspermum ammi EO, 100% of Acanthamoeba cysts were eliminated. Thymus capitatus and Limonium oleifolium EOs showed to be more active against Acanthamoeba, presenting IC₅₀ values close to chlorhexidine and lower than amphotericin B. For these two OEs, low in vitro cytotoxicity was also found, which result in a high selectivity index (SI > 10). Therefore, safer and more effective therapies could be achieved with OEs, and in vivo assays should be urgently performed to confirm these benefits.

Graphical abstract

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精油治疗棘阿米巴角膜炎的潜力

考虑到目前市场上销售的药物有毒且对原虫囊性形式无效，需要新的治疗阿米巴角膜炎的药物。精油(EOs)的抗菌作用已经在文献中报道，这激发了对其抗棘阿米巴潜力的研究。与合成药物不同，植物材料通常被认为具有较小的细胞毒性。本文综述了EOs的抗棘阿米巴潜力，不仅基于其抗原生动物活性，还基于其抗炎活性。最后，分析了EOs活性物的体外细胞毒性研究。EOs能够阻止原生动物滋养体向囊状体的转化。在用Trachyspermum ammi EO进行的一项研究中，100%的棘阿米巴囊肿被消除。胸腺和油柠檬精油对棘阿米巴的活性更强，IC50值接近氯己定，低于两性霉素b。这两种精油的体外细胞毒性也较低，选择性指数较高(SI > 10)。因此，OEs可以实现更安全、更有效的治疗，迫切需要进行体内试验来证实这些益处。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Phytochemistry Reviews PLANT SCIENCES-

CiteScore

16.30

自引率

2.60%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Phytochemistry Reviews is the sole review journal encompassing all facets of phytochemistry. It publishes peer-reviewed papers in six issues annually, including topical issues often stemming from meetings organized by the Phytochemical Society of Europe. Additionally, the journal welcomes original review papers that contribute to advancing knowledge in various aspects of plant chemistry, function, biosynthesis, effects on plant and animal physiology, pathology, and their application in agriculture and industry. Invited meeting papers are supplemented with additional review papers, providing a comprehensive overview of the current status across all areas of phytochemistry.