Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensing of Single Entities

IF 7.1 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Wei Yi, Chuanping Zhang, Qianchun Zhang, Changbo Zhang, Yebo Lu, Lanhua Yi, Xingzhu Wang
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Abstract

Solid-state nanopores/nanochannels, with their high stability, tunable geometry, and controllable surface chemistry, have recently become an important tool for constructing biosensors. Compared with traditional biosensors, biosensors constructed with solid-state nanopores/nanochannels exhibit significant advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, and high spatiotemporal resolution in the detection single entities (such as single molecules, single particles, and single cells) due to their unique nanoconfined space-induced target enrichment effect. Generally, the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel modification method is the inner wall modification, and the detection principles are the resistive pulse method and the steady-state ion current method. During the detection process, solid-state nanopore/nanochannel is easily blocked by single entities, and interfering substances easily enter the solid-state nanopore/nanochannel to generate interference signals, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. In addition, the problem of low flux in the detection process of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, these defects limit the application of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel. In this review, we introduce the preparation and functionalization of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel, the research progress in the field of single entities sensing, and the novel sensing strategies on solving the above problems in solid-state nanopore/nanochannel single-entity sensing. At the same time, the challenges and prospects of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel for single-entity electrochemical sensing are also discussed.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

单一实体的固态纳米孔/纳米通道传感
固体纳米孔/纳米通道以其高稳定性、可调节的几何结构和可控制的表面化学性质,近年来成为构建生物传感器的重要工具。与传统的生物传感器相比,固体纳米孔/纳米通道构建的生物传感器由于其独特的纳米受限空间诱导靶富集效应,在检测单个实体(如单分子、单颗粒和单细胞)方面具有高灵敏度、高特异性和高时空分辨率的显著优势。一般固态纳米孔/纳米通道修饰方法为内壁修饰,检测原理为电阻脉冲法和稳态离子电流法。在检测过程中,固态纳米孔/纳米通道容易被单一实体堵塞,干扰物质容易进入固态纳米孔/纳米通道产生干扰信号,导致测量结果不准确。此外,固态纳米孔/纳米通道在检测过程中存在低通量问题,这些缺陷限制了固态纳米孔/纳米通道的应用。本文介绍了固态纳米孔/纳米通道的制备、功能化、单实体传感领域的研究进展,以及在固态纳米孔/纳米通道单实体传感中解决上述问题的新型传感策略。同时,讨论了固态纳米孔/纳米通道用于单实体电化学传感的挑战和前景。图形抽象
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Topics in Current Chemistry
Topics in Current Chemistry Chemistry-General Chemistry
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
1.20%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: Topics in Current Chemistry is a journal that presents critical reviews of present and future trends in modern chemical research. It covers all areas of chemical science, including interactions with related disciplines like biology, medicine, physics, and materials science. The articles in this journal are organized into thematic collections, offering a comprehensive perspective on emerging research to non-specialist readers in academia or industry. Each review article focuses on one aspect of the topic and provides a critical survey, placing it in the context of the collection. Selected examples highlight significant developments from the past 5 to 10 years. Instead of providing an exhaustive summary or extensive data, the articles concentrate on methodological thinking. This approach allows non-specialist readers to understand the information fully and presents the potential prospects for future developments.
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