Situational factors and police use of force across micro-time intervals: A video systematic social observation and panel regression analysis

IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Eric L. Piza, Nathan T. Connealy, Victoria A. Sytsma, Vijay F. Chillar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The current study analyzes police use of force as a series of time-bound transactions between officers, civilians, and bystanders. The research begins with a systematic social observation of use-of-force events recorded on police body-worn cameras in Newark, New Jersey. Researchers measure the occurrence and time stamps for numerous participant physical and verbal behaviors. Data are converted into a longitudinal panel format measuring all observed behaviors in 5-second intervals. Panel logistic regression models estimate the effect of each behavior on use of force in immediate and subsequent temporal periods. Findings indicate certain variables influence use of force at a distinct point in time, whereas others exert influence on use of force across multiple time periods. The most influential variables relate to authority maintenance theoretical constructs. This finding supports prior perspectives arguing that police use of force largely results from officer attempts to maintain constant authority over civilians during face-to-face encounters. Nonetheless, a range of additional variables reflecting procedural justice, civilian resistance, and bystander presence significantly affect when police use force during civilian encounters. Results provide nuance to theoretical frameworks considering use of force as resulting from the interplay between officer and civilian actions and reactions.

情境因素与警察在微观时间间隔内的武力使用:视频系统社会观察和面板回归分析
目前的研究将警察使用武力分析为警察、平民和旁观者之间的一系列有时限的交易。这项研究首先对新泽西州纽瓦克市警方随身携带的摄像头记录的使用武力事件进行了系统的社会观察。研究人员测量了许多参与者的身体和言语行为的发生和时间戳。数据被转换为纵向面板格式,以5秒的间隔测量所有观察到的行为。面板逻辑回归模型估计了每种行为在即时和随后的时间段内对武力使用的影响。研究结果表明,某些变量会在不同的时间点影响武力的使用,而其他变量则会在多个时间段内影响武力使用。最具影响力的变量与权力维护理论结构有关。这一发现支持了先前的观点,即警察使用武力在很大程度上是由于警察在面对面交锋中试图保持对平民的持续权威。尽管如此,反映程序正义、平民抵抗和旁观者存在的一系列额外变量对警察在平民遭遇中使用武力的情况产生了重大影响。研究结果为将武力使用视为军官和平民行动和反应之间相互作用的结果的理论框架提供了细微差别。
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来源期刊
Criminology
Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Criminology is devoted to crime and deviant behavior. Disciplines covered in Criminology include: - sociology - psychology - design - systems analysis - decision theory Major emphasis is placed on empirical research and scientific methodology. Criminology"s content also includes articles which review the literature or deal with theoretical issues stated in the literature as well as suggestions for the types of investigation which might be carried out in the future.
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