Dermal fillers: History 101

Abstract

Introduction

Dermal fillers are an efficacious option for treating age-related volume deficiency, as well as scars and wrinkles. Additionally, they are useful for facial sculpting and contouring, and to augment anatomical structures such as the lips.

Discussion

The start of the search for an ideal dermal filler can be traced back to the late 1800s. Characteristics of this ideal filler product include nontoxic, nonmigratory, noncarcinogenic, easily applied, noninfectious, painless, and long-lasting. It would also have predictable and consistent results, feel natural, and require no patient downtime. Over the past century and a half, numerous products have been used or developed in an attempt to achieve a filler possessing these characteristics. However, only in the past few decades have safe, injectable filler products approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), been developed. Herein, we discuss the various injectable agents used in the past, as well as the most commonly used agents of present day.

Conclusion

Reflecting upon the history of dermal filler development serves as an important reminder to proceed with caution, as serious complications may occur with their use. Importantly, no single filler is ideal for all patients or indications, therefore optimal treatment requires awareness of the properties and characteristics of each available product, and discretionary use by providers.