Ionic liquid/poly(ionic liquid)-based electrolytes for lithium batteries

Industrial Chemistry & Materials Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI:10.1039/D2IM00051B

Xinyu Ma, Jiangtao Yu, Yin Hu, John Texter and Feng Yan

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The growing demand for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale advanced energy storage has aroused increasing interest in the development of high energy density lithium batteries. The electrolyte is an important component of lithium batteries and is an essential part of performance and safety improvements. Commercially available electrolytes mainly consist of lithium salts and organic carbonate solvents that are prone to decomposition due to their narrow electrochemical windows and tend to react with lithium metal anodes forming an unstable solid electrode/electrolyte interface (SEI). In particular, the flammability of organic solvents raises concerns about battery safety. Ionic liquid/poly(ionic liquid) (IL/PIL)-based electrolytes enable batteries with good safety, high energy/power density and long-term stability. This review focuses on the applications of IL/PIL-based liquid, quasi-solid, and solid electrolytes and electrolyte additives in lithium batteries. The perspectives and challenges of IL/PIL electrolytes in the field of lithium batteries are also proposed.

Keywords: Ionic liquid; Poly(ionic liquid); Lithium battery; Solid electrolyte; Quasi-solid electrolyte; Additive.

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锂电池用离子液体/聚离子液体电解质

便携式电子设备、电动汽车和大规模先进储能的需求日益增长，引起了人们对高能量密度锂电池发展的兴趣。电解质是锂电池的重要组成部分，是提高性能和安全性的重要组成部分。市售电解质主要由锂盐和有机碳酸盐溶剂组成，由于它们的电化学窗口狭窄，容易分解，并且容易与锂金属阳极反应，形成不稳定的固体电极/电解质界面(SEI)。特别是，有机溶剂的易燃性引起了人们对电池安全性的担忧。基于离子液体/聚离子液体(IL/PIL)的电解质使电池具有良好的安全性、高能量/功率密度和长期稳定性。本文综述了IL/ pil基液体、准固体、固体电解质及其电解质添加剂在锂电池中的应用。最后提出了IL/PIL电解质在锂电池领域的发展前景和面临的挑战。关键词:离子液体;聚(离子液体);锂电池;固体电解质;准固态电解质;添加剂。

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