Zhuo Liu , Wei Cheng , Dekui Mu , Qiaoli Lin , Xipeng Xu , Han Huang
{"title":"Growth mechanisms of interfacial carbides in solid-state reaction between single-crystal diamond and chromium","authors":"Zhuo Liu , Wei Cheng , Dekui Mu , Qiaoli Lin , Xipeng Xu , Han Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2022.10.022","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interfacial bonding is one of the most challenging issues in the fabrication, and hence comprehensively influences the properties of diamond-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) materials. In this work, solid-state (S/S) interface reaction between single-crystal synthetic diamond and chromium (Cr) metal was critically examined with special attention given to unveil the role of crystal orientation in the formation and growth of interfacial products. It has been revealed that catalytically converted carbon (CCC) was formed prior to chromium carbides, which is counterintuitive to previous studies. Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> was the first carbide formed in the S/S interface reaction, aided by the relaxation of diamond lattices that reduces the interfacial mismatch. Interfacial Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> and Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> carbides were formed at 600 and 800 °C, respectively, with the growth preferred on diamond (100) plane, because of its higher density of surface defects than (111) plane. Interfacial strain distribution was quasi-quantitively measured using windowed Fourier Transform-Geometric Phase Analysis (WFT-GPA) analysis and an ameliorated strain concentration was found after the ripening of interfacial carbides. Textured morphologies of Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> grown on diamond (100) and (111) planes were perceived after S/S interface reaction at 1000 °C, which is reported for the first time. The underlying mechanisms of Cr-induced phase transformation on diamond surface, as well as the crystal orientation dependent growth of interfacial carbides were unveiled using the first-principles calculation. The formation and growth mechanisms of Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> were elucidated using SEM, TEM and XRD analyses. Finally, an approach for tailoring the interfacial microstructure between synthetic diamond and bonding metals was proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 138-149"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","FirstCategoryId":"1087","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1005030222008374","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Interfacial bonding is one of the most challenging issues in the fabrication, and hence comprehensively influences the properties of diamond-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) materials. In this work, solid-state (S/S) interface reaction between single-crystal synthetic diamond and chromium (Cr) metal was critically examined with special attention given to unveil the role of crystal orientation in the formation and growth of interfacial products. It has been revealed that catalytically converted carbon (CCC) was formed prior to chromium carbides, which is counterintuitive to previous studies. Cr7C3 was the first carbide formed in the S/S interface reaction, aided by the relaxation of diamond lattices that reduces the interfacial mismatch. Interfacial Cr7C3 and Cr3C2 carbides were formed at 600 and 800 °C, respectively, with the growth preferred on diamond (100) plane, because of its higher density of surface defects than (111) plane. Interfacial strain distribution was quasi-quantitively measured using windowed Fourier Transform-Geometric Phase Analysis (WFT-GPA) analysis and an ameliorated strain concentration was found after the ripening of interfacial carbides. Textured morphologies of Cr3C2 grown on diamond (100) and (111) planes were perceived after S/S interface reaction at 1000 °C, which is reported for the first time. The underlying mechanisms of Cr-induced phase transformation on diamond surface, as well as the crystal orientation dependent growth of interfacial carbides were unveiled using the first-principles calculation. The formation and growth mechanisms of Cr3C2 were elucidated using SEM, TEM and XRD analyses. Finally, an approach for tailoring the interfacial microstructure between synthetic diamond and bonding metals was proposed.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Materials Science & Technology strives to promote global collaboration in the field of materials science and technology. It primarily publishes original research papers, invited review articles, letters, research notes, and summaries of scientific achievements. The journal covers a wide range of materials science and technology topics, including metallic materials, inorganic nonmetallic materials, and composite materials.