Characterization and its curing behaviors of rigid phenolic foams based on cardanol

IF 1.7 4区工程技术 Q4 POLYMER SCIENCE

International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1080/1023666X.2022.2154906

Wenzheng Zhang , Tingting Zhang , Li Huang , Cangkui Cui , Zan Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cardanol/phenol-based foaming resol resins were prepared successfully by reacting formaldehyde with cardanol/phenol. Phenolic foams were fabricated with the above foaming resol resin and certain foaming agents. Two kinds of resol resins were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, rheological analysis and Scanning electron microscope. Meanwhile, the nonisothermal curing reactions of these resol resins were studied in detail using a dynamic Differential scanning calorimetry technique at a series of heating rates. The global activation energies of the reactions were determined with the Ozawa methods. The results indicated that the peak temperatures of the exothermic reactions and global activation energies of cardanol-based foaming resol resin were higher than those of phenol-based foaming resol resin, which indicated that the more complex molecular structure of cardanol-based foaming resol resin has a negative effect on the curing speed of resin.

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腰果酚硬质酚醛泡沫的表征及其固化性能

以腰果酚/甲醛为原料，成功制备了腰果酚基甲阶酚醛发泡树脂。用上述发泡酚醛树脂和一定的发泡剂制备了酚醛泡沫塑料。用傅立叶变换红外光谱、流变学分析和扫描电子显微镜对两种甲阶酚醛树脂进行了表征。同时，使用动态差示扫描量热法在一系列加热速率下详细研究了这些甲阶酚醛树脂的非等温固化反应。用Ozawa方法测定了反应的整体活化能。结果表明，腰果酚基发泡甲阶酚醛树脂的放热反应峰值温度和整体活化能均高于酚基发泡乙阶酚醛树脂，这表明腰果酚型发泡甲阶树脂更复杂的分子结构对树脂的固化速度有负面影响。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： The scope of the journal is to publish original contributions and reviews on studies, methodologies, instrumentation, and applications involving the analysis and characterization of polymers and polymeric-based materials, including synthetic polymers, blends, composites, fibers, coatings, supramolecular structures, polysaccharides, and biopolymers. The Journal will accept papers and review articles on the following topics and research areas involving fundamental and applied studies of polymer analysis and characterization: Characterization and analysis of new and existing polymers and polymeric-based materials. Design and evaluation of analytical instrumentation and physical testing equipment. Determination of molecular weight, size, conformation, branching, cross-linking, chemical structure, and sequence distribution. Using separation, spectroscopic, and scattering techniques. Surface characterization of polymeric materials. Measurement of solution and bulk properties and behavior of polymers. Studies involving structure-property-processing relationships, and polymer aging. Analysis of oligomeric materials. Analysis of polymer additives and decomposition products.