Identification and genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. in the water resources of western Iran

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00308

Azadeh Karimi , Farnaz Kheirandish , Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani , Niloofar Taghipour , Syedeh Fatemeh Mousavi , Ali Aghajani , Nozhat Zebardast , Majid Faraji , Shirzad Fallahi Professor in Medical Parasitology

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Acanthamoeba spp. is opportunistic amoeba that resides in water, soil, and air. Some pathogenic genotypes of the genus of Acanthamoeba can cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) in people with a defective immune system. The parasite can also cause Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) among contact lens users. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the Acanthamoeba genotypes in water resources in Lorestan province, western Iran.

Methods

Collected 72 water samples from surface and groundwater (springs and aqueducts) in Lorestan province. Samples were filtered and cultured in non-nutrient 1.5% agar medium covered with Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 25 °C. DNA extraction was done and the PCR reaction was performed to detect the Acanthamoeba spp. The positive PCR products were sequenced to determine the genotypes of Acanthamoeba.

Results

Out of 72 examined water samples, 23.61% were positive for Acanthamoeba sp. by PCR. From PCR-positive samples, 8 (47.05%) samples were T4 genotypes and others were other Acanthamoeba genotypes (T1-T23). Therefore, approximately half of the genotypes belong to the pathogenic T4 genotype.

Conclusions

The water examined samples in western provinces of Iran have the potential risk factor for public health. Therefore, the efforts of healthcare providers are needed to identify, train, and prevention from human infections.

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伊朗西部水资源棘阿米巴的鉴定与基因分型

棘阿米巴属是生活在水、土壤和空气中的机会性阿米巴原虫。棘阿米巴属的一些致病基因型可引起免疫系统缺陷的人的肉芽肿性阿米巴脑炎(GAE)。这种寄生虫还会在隐形眼镜使用者中引起棘阿米巴角膜炎(AK)。本研究旨在分离和鉴定伊朗西部Lorestan省水资源中的棘阿米巴基因型。方法采集洛勒斯坦省地表水和地下水(泉水和渡槽)72份水样。样品过滤后，在覆盖有大肠杆菌(E. coli)的1.5%无营养琼脂培养基中25℃培养。提取DNA, PCR检测棘阿米巴属，对PCR阳性产物进行测序，确定棘阿米巴属基因型。结果72份水样中棘阿米巴绦虫PCR阳性检出率为23.61%。pcr阳性样本中，8份(47.05%)为T4基因型，其余为其他棘阿米巴基因型(t1 ~ t23)。因此，大约一半的基因型属于致病性T4基因型。结论伊朗西部省份水样具有潜在的公共卫生危险因素。因此，需要医疗保健提供者的努力来识别、培训和预防人类感染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.