Liner shipping network design model with carbon tax, seasonal freight rate fluctuations and empty container relocation

Kang Chen , Xu Yi , Xu Xin , Tao Zhang
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Abstract

In response to the challenges posed by the shipping carbon tax resulting from the low-carbon environmental policy, the seasonal fluctuation of freight rates in the container liner shipping market, and the reduced flexibility in fleet adjustment, we develop a bi-level programming model to maximize the average revenue per container ship and the total revenue of the fleet.The upper-level model selects the optimal shipping networks for both the off-season and peak season, while also designing the liner fleet for these two networks. The lower-level model optimizes the slot allocation scheme and the empty container storage and transportation scheme to evaluate the revenue of the network calculated by the upper-level model. Three meta-heuristic algorithms are proposed. We take the China-West Europe liner shipping route as the research object, and conduct numerical experiments on different optimization objectives and liner types. Results demonstrate that maximizing the average revenue per container ship involves reducing the carbon tax cost, simplifying the trunk route structure, and increasing the number of feeder routes. These changes lead to reduced satisfaction rates for transportation demands in both China and Europe. If the company seeks to maximize total revenue, they may achieve the opposite result. Therefore, liner companies should reasonably set optimization goals, adjust the network structure and liner operation status in a timely manner, and scientifically allocate container ship and empty containers to achieve the operational goals of reducing carbon emissions and maximizing revenue to cope with the volatile market and the low-carbon regulations.

考虑碳税、季节性运费波动和空箱搬迁的班轮运输网络设计模型
为了应对低碳环境政策带来的航运碳税、集装箱班轮航运市场运费的季节性波动以及船队调整灵活性的降低所带来的挑战,我们开发了一个双层规划模型,以最大限度地提高每艘集装箱船的平均收入和船队的总收入。上层模型为淡季和旺季选择最佳航运网络,同时为这两个网络设计班轮船队。下层模型优化了空位分配方案和空箱储运方案,以评估上层模型计算的网络收入。提出了三种元启发式算法。我们以中国-西欧班轮运输路线为研究对象,对不同的优化目标和班轮类型进行了数值实验。结果表明,最大化每艘集装箱船的平均收入包括降低碳税成本、简化干线结构和增加支线数量。这些变化导致中国和欧洲的运输需求满意度下降。如果公司寻求总收入的最大化,他们可能会得到相反的结果。因此,班轮公司应合理设定优化目标,及时调整网络结构和班轮运营状态,科学配置集装箱船和空集装箱,以实现减少碳排放和实现收入最大化的运营目标,以应对动荡的市场和低碳法规。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
6.60
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