{"title":"Effect of adding Er3+ on the precipitated crystalline phase of SrF2–ZnO–B2O3 glass and upconversion luminescence","authors":"Ryo Tanaka , Yuuki Kitagawa , Kenji Shinozaki","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2023.100268","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elucidating the relationship between nucleation and its structure in glasses is essential for the efficient development of new glass-ceramics. In this study, we developed new oxyfluoride nanocrystallized glass-ceramics with potential for upconversion luminescence, phosphor for LEDs, and fiber laser hosts. We investigated the glass-forming region in the SrF<sub>2</sub><strong>–</strong>ZnO<strong>–</strong>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system and the crystallization behavior, glass structure, and optical properties of the <em>x</em>SrF<sub>2</sub><strong>–</strong>(50<strong>−</strong><em>x</em>)ZnO<strong>–</strong>50B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system with the lowest quantity of glass-forming oxides. Whereas both the <em>x</em> = 10 and <em>x</em> = 20 samples precipitated more than 100 nm diameter of Zn<sub>4</sub>B<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub> by heat treatment, the Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped samples with <em>x</em> = 10 and <em>x</em> = 20 precipitated SrF<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals of less than 20 nm. The resulting SrF<sub>2</sub> nanocrystallized glass was transparent, and upconversion luminescence was observed by irradiating with a 980-nm LD. We found that the addition of Er<sup>3+</sup> ions has a significant impact on crystallization, and the proposed mechanism for this is that the bond selectivity arising from the polarizability forms fluoride-rich domains, and Er<sup>3+</sup> further assists the nucleation of SrF<sub>2</sub> by serving as a crystal nucleation site. This study is expected to provide a guideline for the development of new transparent nanocrystallized glasses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical Materials: X","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147823000426","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Engineering","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Elucidating the relationship between nucleation and its structure in glasses is essential for the efficient development of new glass-ceramics. In this study, we developed new oxyfluoride nanocrystallized glass-ceramics with potential for upconversion luminescence, phosphor for LEDs, and fiber laser hosts. We investigated the glass-forming region in the SrF2–ZnO–B2O3 system and the crystallization behavior, glass structure, and optical properties of the xSrF2–(50−x)ZnO–50B2O3 system with the lowest quantity of glass-forming oxides. Whereas both the x = 10 and x = 20 samples precipitated more than 100 nm diameter of Zn4B6O13 by heat treatment, the Er3+-doped samples with x = 10 and x = 20 precipitated SrF2 nanocrystals of less than 20 nm. The resulting SrF2 nanocrystallized glass was transparent, and upconversion luminescence was observed by irradiating with a 980-nm LD. We found that the addition of Er3+ ions has a significant impact on crystallization, and the proposed mechanism for this is that the bond selectivity arising from the polarizability forms fluoride-rich domains, and Er3+ further assists the nucleation of SrF2 by serving as a crystal nucleation site. This study is expected to provide a guideline for the development of new transparent nanocrystallized glasses.