The multiple sulfur isotope architecture of the Kambalda nickel camp, Western Australia

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Sebastian Staude, Laure A.J. Martin, Matvei Aleshin, Marco L. Fiorentini, Gregor Markl
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Abstract

New data on the multiple sulfur isotope signature of Archean sulfides from country rocks and magmatic mineralization at the Moran deposit (Kambalda, Western Australia) were combined with previously published geochemical data to constrain the various stages of the dynamic evolution of this magmatic system, unveiling new insights into the transport mechanisms of sulfide liquids in komatiite magmas. Sulfides in the Archean magmatic and sedimentary host rocks of the komatiites display a unique mass-independent sulfur isotope signature (Δ33S), which records a photochemical reaction of sulfur in an oxygen-poor atmosphere prior to the Great Oxidation Event.

Sedimentary rocks that are thought to be assimilated by komatiite show a distinctly positive Δ33S signature (+ 0.9 to + 2.4‰). Early ore sulfides situated above these sedimentary rocks contain relatively few valuable metals and display an overlapping Δ33S range (+ 0.6 to + 1.0‰). Subsequent but still early ore sulfides are situated above basalt, as the sedimentary rocks were thermo-mechanically eroded by the sulfide melt, displaying more mantle-like signatures (+ 0.2 to + 0.3‰) and valuable metal content - indistinguishable from the main ore deposit. This reflects a progressive dilution of the contaminant signature by the magmatic isotope signature of the komatiite liquid. Calculated volumes of the interaction of silicate melt and sulfide melt to explain the metal tenor of the ore and its Δ33S signature indicate a decoupling between chemical and isotopic signatures. This can be explained by upgrading the sulfide melt with valuable metals simultaneously with the dissolution of sulfur in the komatiite melt.

西澳大利亚Kambalda镍矿营地的多重硫同位素结构
结合Moran矿床(Kambalda, Western Australia)岩石和岩浆成矿中太古宙硫化物多硫同位素特征的新数据,与先前发表的地球化学数据相结合,限制了该岩浆系统动态演化的各个阶段,揭示了科马蒂岩岩浆中硫化物液体运输机制的新见解。科马地岩的太古代岩浆和沉积寄主岩中的硫化物显示出独特的与质量无关的硫同位素特征(Δ33S),这记录了大氧化事件之前在缺氧大气中硫的光化学反应。被认为被科马铁矿同化的沉积岩具有明显的Δ33S正特征(+ 0.9 ~ + 2.4‰)。位于这些沉积岩之上的早期矿石硫化物含有相对较少的贵重金属,并显示出重叠的Δ33S范围(+ 0.6 ~ + 1.0‰)。后续但仍较早的矿石硫化物位于玄武岩之上,由于沉积岩受到硫化物熔体的热机械侵蚀,表现出更多的幔状特征(+ 0.2 ~ + 0.3‰)和贵重金属含量,与主矿床难以区分。这反映了污染物特征被科马铁矿液体的岩浆同位素特征逐渐稀释。硅酸盐熔体和硫化物熔体相互作用的计算体积解释了矿石的金属强度,其Δ33S特征表明化学和同位素特征之间存在解耦。这可以通过在科马地岩熔体中硫溶解的同时用贵重金属对硫化物熔体进行改造来解释。
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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
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