Larval T Cells Are Functionally Distinct from Adult T Cells in Xenopus laevis.

Q3 Medicine
Matthieu Paiola, Connor C McGuire, Vania Lopez Ruiz, Francisco De Jesús Andino, Jacques Robert
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The amphibian Xenopus laevis tadpole provides a unique comparative experimental organism for investigating the roles of innate-like T (iT) cells in tolerogenic immunity during early development. Unlike mammals and adult frogs, where conventional T cells are dominant, tadpoles rely mostly on several prominent distinct subsets of iT cells interacting with cognate nonpolymorphic MHC class I-like molecules. In the present study, to investigate whole T cell responsiveness ontogenesis in X. laevis, we determined in tadpoles and adult frogs the capacity of splenic T cells to proliferate in vivo upon infection with two different pathogens, ranavirus FV3 and Mycobacterium marinum, as well as in vitro upon PHA stimulation using the thymidine analogous 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and flow cytometry. We also analyzed by RT-quantitative PCR T cell responsiveness upon PHA stimulation. In vivo tadpole splenic T cells showed limited capacity to proliferate, whereas the in vitro proliferation rate was higher than adult T cells. Gene markers for T cell activation and immediate-early genes induced upon TCR activation were upregulated with similar kinetics in tadpole and adult splenocytes. However, the tadpole T cell signature included a lower amplitude in the TCR signaling, which is a hallmark of mammalian memory-like T cells and iT or "preset" T cells. This study suggests that reminiscent of mammalian neonatal T cells, tadpole T cells are functionally different from their adult counterpart.

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非洲爪蟾幼虫T细胞在功能上与成年T细胞不同。
两栖动物非洲爪蟾蝌蚪为研究先天性T(iT)细胞在早期发育过程中的耐受性免疫作用提供了一种独特的比较实验生物。与传统T细胞占主导地位的哺乳动物和成年蛙不同,蝌蚪主要依赖于与同源非多态性MHC I类分子相互作用的几个显著的不同的iT细胞亚群。在本研究中,为了研究laevis的全T细胞反应性个体发生,我们在蝌蚪和成年蛙中测定了脾脏T细胞在感染两种不同病原体(蛙冠状病毒FV3和海洋分枝杆菌)后的体内增殖能力,以及在体外使用胸苷类似物5-乙炔基-2'-脱氧尿苷和流式细胞术进行PHA刺激后的增殖能力。我们还通过RT定量PCR分析了T细胞对PHA刺激的反应性。体内蝌蚪脾脏T细胞的增殖能力有限,而体外增殖率高于成体T细胞。在蝌蚪和成年脾细胞中,T细胞激活的基因标记物和TCR激活诱导的即时早期基因以相似的动力学上调。然而,蝌蚪T细胞的特征包括TCR信号的较低幅度,这是哺乳动物记忆样T细胞和iT或“预设”T细胞的标志。这项研究表明,让人想起哺乳动物新生儿T细胞,蝌蚪T细胞在功能上与成年T细胞不同。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
4 weeks
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