Toxic mechanisms of cadmium and exposure as a risk factor for oral and gastrointestinal carcinomas.

Ali Tavakoli Pirzaman, Pouyan Ebrahimi, Shokat Niknezhad, Turan Vahidi, Dariush Hosseinzadeh, Sousan Akrami, Arash M Ashrafi, Mohammad Moeen Velayatimehr, Rezvan Hosseinzadeh, Sohrab Kazemi
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) and oral cancers are among the highest in the world, compared to other cancers. GI cancers include esophageal, gastric, colon, rectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers, with colorectal cancer being the most common. Oral cancer, which is included in the head and neck cancers category, is one of the most important causes of death in India. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element affecting humans and the environment, which has both natural and anthropogenic sources. Generally, water, soil, air, and food supplies are reported as some sources of Cd. It accumulates in organs, particularly in the kidneys and liver. Exposure to cadmium is associated with different types of health risks such as kidney dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, reproductive dysfunction, diabetes, cerebral infarction, and neurotoxic effects (Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)). Exposure to Cd is also associated with various cancers, including lung, kidney, liver, stomach, hematopoietic system, gynecologic and breast cancer. In the present study, we have provided and summarized the association of Cd exposure with oral and GI cancers.

镉的毒性机制和暴露作为口腔癌和胃肠道癌的危险因素。
与其他癌症相比,胃肠道(GI)和口腔癌的发病率和死亡率是世界上最高的。GI癌包括食道癌、胃癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、肝癌和胰腺癌,其中癌症最常见。口腔癌症属于头颈部癌症,是印度最重要的死亡原因之一。镉是一种影响人类和环境的有毒元素,既有自然来源,也有人为来源。一般来说,水、土壤、空气和食物供应都是镉的一些来源。镉在器官中积累,尤其是在肾脏和肝脏中。接触镉与不同类型的健康风险有关,如肾功能障碍、心血管疾病、生殖功能障碍、糖尿病、脑梗死和神经毒性影响(帕金森病(PD)和阿尔茨海默病(AD))。镉暴露也与各种癌症有关,包括肺癌、肾癌、肝癌、胃癌、造血系统、妇科和乳腺癌症。在本研究中,我们提供并总结了镉暴露与口腔癌和胃肠道癌的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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