Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-Infected Individuals in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Current HIV Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.2174/011570162X244384230920033134

Pegah Shakib, Masoud Behzadifar, Hossein Mahmoudvand, Sara Larki, Hamed Kalani, Masoomeh Zivdari, Omid Mardanshah, Kourosh Cheraghipour

{"title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-Infected Individuals in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Pegah Shakib, Masoud Behzadifar, Hossein Mahmoudvand, Sara Larki, Hamed Kalani, Masoomeh Zivdari, Omid Mardanshah, Kourosh Cheraghipour","doi":"10.2174/011570162X244384230920033134","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Patients with co-infection with toxoplasmosis and HIV have a 30-40% risk of developing toxoplasmosis encephalitis. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and burden of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-infected individuals in Iran.Methods: We searched the five English databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane) and four Persian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and Magiran) with the terms of (Toxoplasma gondii OR \"toxoplasmosis\") AND (HIV OR \"AIDS\" OR immunodeficiency OR acquired immune deficiency syndrome) AND (Seroprevalence) AND (Seroepidemiologic Studies) AND (Elisa OR IgG) AND (PCR) AND (Iran) by two authors up to Feb 2021. Studies were included if they investigated people with HIV infection and presented data that allowed us to establish the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iran.Results: According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 15 studies were selected. A total number of 2275 HIV-infected individuals were tested and evaluated for toxoplasmosis from 2005 up to 2018 in different regions of Iran. The weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with Elisa was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 47% (95% CI = 31% - 62%). Also, the Weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with PCR was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 7% (95% CI = 3% - 12%).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be clearly understood that a large population of HIV patients living in Iran have toxoplasmosis. Therefore, due to the high susceptibility of these groups to toxoplasmosis, healthcare professionals must consider measures such as training in the ways of transmission and prevention of the infection to this high-risk group in order to reduce the risk of infection.","PeriodicalId":10911,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV Research","volume":" ","pages":"221-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current HIV Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162X244384230920033134","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Patients with co-infection with toxoplasmosis and HIV have a 30-40% risk of developing toxoplasmosis encephalitis. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and burden of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-infected individuals in Iran.

Methods: We searched the five English databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane) and four Persian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and Magiran) with the terms of (Toxoplasma gondii OR "toxoplasmosis") AND (HIV OR "AIDS" OR immunodeficiency OR acquired immune deficiency syndrome) AND (Seroprevalence) AND (Seroepidemiologic Studies) AND (Elisa OR IgG) AND (PCR) AND (Iran) by two authors up to Feb 2021. Studies were included if they investigated people with HIV infection and presented data that allowed us to establish the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iran.

Results: According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 15 studies were selected. A total number of 2275 HIV-infected individuals were tested and evaluated for toxoplasmosis from 2005 up to 2018 in different regions of Iran. The weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with Elisa was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 47% (95% CI = 31% - 62%). Also, the Weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with PCR was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 7% (95% CI = 3% - 12%).

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be clearly understood that a large population of HIV patients living in Iran have toxoplasmosis. Therefore, due to the high susceptibility of these groups to toxoplasmosis, healthcare professionals must consider measures such as training in the ways of transmission and prevention of the infection to this high-risk group in order to reduce the risk of infection.

查看原文本刊更多论文

伊朗HIV感染者弓形虫的患病率：系统综述和荟萃分析。

简介：弓形虫是一种专性细胞内原生动物，几乎可以感染所有温血动物，包括人类。同时感染弓形虫病和艾滋病病毒的患者患弓形虫病脑炎的风险为30-40%。本研究旨在描述伊朗HIV感染者弓形虫的流行病学和负担。方法：检索5个英文数据库（Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus、Ovid、Embase和Cochrane）和4个波斯数据库（Scientific Information Database（SID）、Iran Medex、Iran Doc，和Magiran）与两位作者截至2021年2月的术语（弓形虫或“弓形虫病”）and（HIV或“艾滋病”或免疫缺陷或获得性免疫缺陷综合征）and（血清流行率）and（血清学研究）and（Elisa或IgG）and（PCR）and（伊朗）。如果研究人员调查了艾滋病毒感染者，并提供了数据，使我们能够确定伊朗弓形虫感染的流行率，则纳入研究。结果：根据纳入/排除标准，选择了15项研究。从2005年到2018年，伊朗不同地区共对2275名艾滋病毒感染者进行了弓形虫病检测和评估。使用随机效应模型获得Elisa HIV感染者弓形虫病的加权总患病率，估计为47%（95%CI=31%-62%）。此外，使用随机效应模型获得了PCR检测的HIV感染者弓形虫病的加权总患病率，估计为7%（95%CI=3%-12%）。结论：根据本研究的结果，可以清楚地了解到生活在伊朗的大量HIV患者患有弓形虫病。因此，由于这些群体对弓形虫病的易感性很高，医疗保健专业人员必须考虑采取措施，如对这一高危群体进行传播方式培训和预防感染，以降低感染风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Current HIV Research 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current HIV Research covers all the latest and outstanding developments of HIV research by publishing original research, review articles and guest edited thematic issues. The novel pioneering work in the basic and clinical fields on all areas of HIV research covers: virus replication and gene expression, HIV assembly, virus-cell interaction, viral pathogenesis, epidemiology and transmission, anti-retroviral therapy and adherence, drug discovery, the latest developments in HIV/AIDS vaccines and animal models, mechanisms and interactions with AIDS related diseases, social and public health issues related to HIV disease, and prevention of viral infection. Periodically, the journal invites guest editors to devote an issue on a particular area of HIV research of great interest that increases our understanding of the virus and its complex interaction with the host.