Jamie J. McLeod, Sarah C. Rothschild, Ludmila Francescatto, Haerin Kim, Robert M. Tombes
{"title":"Specific CaMKIIs mediate convergent extension cell movements in early zebrafish development","authors":"Jamie J. McLeod, Sarah C. Rothschild, Ludmila Francescatto, Haerin Kim, Robert M. Tombes","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.665","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Noncanonical Wnts are morphogens that can elevate intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>, activate the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaMKII, and promote cell movements during vertebrate gastrulation.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Zebrafish express seven CaMKII genes during embryogenesis; two of these, <i>camk2b1</i> and <i>camk2g1</i>, are necessary for convergent extension (CE) cell movements. CaMKII morphant phenotypes were observed as early as epiboly. At the 1–3 somite stage, neuroectoderm and paraxial cells remained unconverged in both morphants. Later, somites lacked their stereotypical shape and were wider, more closely spaced, and body gap angles increased. At 24hpf, somite compression and notochord undulation coincided with a shorter and broader body axis. A <i>camk2b1</i> crispant was generated which phenocopied the <i>camk2b1</i> morphant. The levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis and paraxial and neuroectodermal markers were unchanged in morphants. Hyperactivation of CaMKII during gastrulation by transient pharmacological intervention (thapsigargin) also caused CE defects. Mosaically expressed dominant-negative CaMKII recapitulated these phenotypes and showed significant midline bifurcation. Finally, the introduction of CaMKII partially rescued Wnt11 morphant phenotypes.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Overall, these data support a model whereby cyclically activated CaMKII encoded from two genes enables cell migration during the process of CE.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 4","pages":"390-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.665","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Developmental Dynamics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvdy.665","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Noncanonical Wnts are morphogens that can elevate intracellular Ca2+, activate the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaMKII, and promote cell movements during vertebrate gastrulation.
Results
Zebrafish express seven CaMKII genes during embryogenesis; two of these, camk2b1 and camk2g1, are necessary for convergent extension (CE) cell movements. CaMKII morphant phenotypes were observed as early as epiboly. At the 1–3 somite stage, neuroectoderm and paraxial cells remained unconverged in both morphants. Later, somites lacked their stereotypical shape and were wider, more closely spaced, and body gap angles increased. At 24hpf, somite compression and notochord undulation coincided with a shorter and broader body axis. A camk2b1 crispant was generated which phenocopied the camk2b1 morphant. The levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis and paraxial and neuroectodermal markers were unchanged in morphants. Hyperactivation of CaMKII during gastrulation by transient pharmacological intervention (thapsigargin) also caused CE defects. Mosaically expressed dominant-negative CaMKII recapitulated these phenotypes and showed significant midline bifurcation. Finally, the introduction of CaMKII partially rescued Wnt11 morphant phenotypes.
Conclusions
Overall, these data support a model whereby cyclically activated CaMKII encoded from two genes enables cell migration during the process of CE.
期刊介绍:
Developmental Dynamics, is an official publication of the American Association for Anatomy. This peer reviewed journal provides an international forum for publishing novel discoveries, using any model system, that advances our understanding of development, morphology, form and function, evolution, disease, stem cells, repair and regeneration.