Comparative study on effects of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery

IF 0.4 Q4 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

Journal of Acute Disease Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI:10.4103/2221-6189.342662

Manpreet Singh, A. Tiwari, Priya Taank, Shalendra Singh, Amrinder Kaur, M. Sood, Rahul Yadav

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients scheduled for laparoscopic surgery. Methods: A total of 86 female patients were prospectively administered dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg i.v. (the group A, n=43), and dexamethasone 8 mg i.v. (the group B, n=43). The two groups were compared in treatment response, hemodynamic changes, and Numerical Analog Scale (NAS). Besides, the relation of PONV with patient baseline characteristics in the perioperative period was determined as well. Results: Patients in group A had lower PONV scores (t=3.1, P<0.002), less needs for rescue anti-emetics (χ2=0.47, P<0.001), and decreased intraoperative heart rate (t=9.72, P<0.001) and mean arterial pressure (t=7.58, P<0.001) compared to that of group B. Group A reported lower NAS than group B (t=2.66, P<0.001). In addition, we found no relationship between PONV score and rescue anti-emetic requirement, age, or body mass index (P=0.96, P=0.60, P=0.28, respectively). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine could be used as an effective antiemetic in laparoscopic surgeries, with better efficacy than dexamethasone. Dexmedetomidine not only can reduce PONV but also is effective in postoperative analgesia.

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右美托咪定和地塞米松对腹腔镜手术患者术后恶心呕吐发生率影响的比较研究

目的：比较右美托咪定和地塞米松预防腹腔镜手术患者术后恶心呕吐（PONV）的安全性和有效性。方法：共有86名女性患者前瞻性地静脉注射右美托咪定1μg/kg（A组，n=43）和地塞米松8mg（B组，n=43%）。比较两组的治疗反应、血液动力学变化和数值模拟量表（NAS）。此外，还确定了围手术期PONV与患者基线特征的关系。结果：与B组相比，A组患者的PONV评分较低（t=3.1，P<0.002），对抢救性止吐药物的需求较少（χ2=0.47，P<0.001），术中心率（t=9.72，P<0.001，我们发现PONV评分与抢救止吐要求、年龄或体重指数之间没有关系（分别为P=0.96、P=0.60、P=0.28）。结论：右美托咪定是腹腔镜手术中一种有效的止吐药物，其疗效优于地塞米松。右美托咪定不仅能降低PONV，而且对术后镇痛效果显著。

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来源期刊

Journal of Acute Disease CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE-

自引率

20.00%

发文量

652

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The articles published mainly deal with pre-hospital and hospital emergency medicine, cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation, critical cardiovascular disease, sepsis, severe infection, multiple organ failure, acute and critical diseases in different medical fields, sudden cardiac arrest, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), critical care medicine, disaster rescue medicine (earthquakes, fires, floods, mine disaster, air crash, et al.), acute trauma, acute toxicology, acute heart disease, and related topics. JAD sets up columns for special subjects in each issue.