Tracking Control of an Autonomous Head Feeding Combine

Abstract

Received: 7 January 2021 Accepted: 16 March 2021 This study aims to develop an autonomous combine harvester. A manual steering combine harvester was modified autonomously using navigation systems of an RTK-DGPS, a gyroscope, and crawler speed sensors. These sensors could determine the combine position and heading required to guide the path. The control system is processed for these navigation sensors' data to make the decision of combine movement. Moreover, it commands the actuator to move the steering lever mechanism. The steering control's desired heading angle was determined from lateral error, heading error, and the traveling speed. In this study, the combined harvester's average forward traveling speed was set at 0.17 m/s, adjusted to a navigation sensor's sampling rate of 5 Hz and the steering mechanism delay. The preliminary test showed the combine could turn by pivoting one of its tracks which turned the radius was into 0.4 m. Furthermore, a guidance control system of the combine harvester was developed based on this test result. The developed guidance control system was successfully guiding the combine to follow the harvesting path. The test results showed that the root mean square of the lateral error was less than 0.1 m.