Research of technical and technological operations of irrigation and development of initial requirements to the technical means of their realization

Abstract

Authors as a result of researches got informative, statistical and experimental data which allowed to ground and form initial requirements on the machine technological operations of irrigation. Purpose of researches – to conduct the analysis of practice of application of multi-supporting sprinkling-machines which are used in technologies of the irrigated agriculture, define the high-quality indexes of implementation of technological process and construction features for forming of requirements on the technical and technological operations of irrigation. Methods of researches: empiric, measuring, theoretical, mathematical and statistical, analysis of existent normative base. Results of researches. In the process of researches prospects, problems and terms of application of multi-supporting sprinkling-machines, are analyzed, the modern state and tendencies of improvement of these machines are considered. The brought classification over and structural signs of sprinkling-machines, basic charts and methods of irrigation, the review of constructions of sprinkling machines and technological features of their application, certain high-quality and operating-technological indexes of work of machines, are given. An operating in Ukraine normative base is analyzed in relation to requirements to the broad-cut sprinkling-machines at their application in the technique and technology operations of irrigation. It is educed as a result of analysis, that an investigational normative base touches mainly requirements to the construction of sprinkling machines and their separate component parts, methods of tests and requirements of safety. General initial requirements on technical and technological operations of irrigation, which touch quality of implementation of technological process, operating-technological and ecological requirements, requirements to reliability of and other absent. On the basis of the conducted researches and tests, experimental and informative data, which were taken as base, certain and initial requirements are reasonable on the technique and technology operations of irrigation at the use of broad-cut multisupporting sprinkling-machines, were got. Conclusions: the necessity of application of sprinkling-machines is set taking into account ecological requirements and the basic rules of their use are certain with the purpose of warning of erosive processes of soils .initial requirements are Certain and reasonable on the technical and technological operations of irrigation at the use of broad-cut multi-supporting sprinkling machines.