Improved wearable, breathable, triple-band electromagnetic bandgap-loaded fractal antenna for wireless body area network applications

IF 1.3 4区计算机科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

ETRI Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI:10.4218/etrij.2023-0137

Mallavarapu Sandhya, Lokam Anjaneyulu

{"title":"Improved wearable, breathable, triple-band electromagnetic bandgap-loaded fractal antenna for wireless body area network applications","authors":"Mallavarapu Sandhya, Lokam Anjaneyulu","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2023-0137","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>A compact triple-band porous electromagnetic bandgap structure-loaded coplanar-waveguide-fed wearable antenna is introduced for applications of wireless body area networks. The porous structure is aimed to create a stopband or bandgap in the electromagnetic spectrum and increase breathability. The holes in the bottom electromagnetic bandgap surface increase the inductance, which in turn increases the bandwidth. The final design resonates at three bands with impedance bandwidths of 264 MHz, 100 MHz, and 153 MHz and maximum gains of 2.18 dBi, 6.75 dBi, and 9.50 dBi at 2.45 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 5.5 GHz, respectively. In addition, measurements indicate that the proposed design can be deformed up to certain curvature and withstand human tissue loading. Moreover, the specific absorption rate remains within safe levels for humans. Therefore, the proposed antenna can suitably operate in the industrial, scientific, and medical, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and WiMAX bands for potential application to wireless body area networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"46 4","pages":"571-580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2023-0137","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ETRI Journal","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.4218/etrij.2023-0137","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

A compact triple-band porous electromagnetic bandgap structure-loaded coplanar-waveguide-fed wearable antenna is introduced for applications of wireless body area networks. The porous structure is aimed to create a stopband or bandgap in the electromagnetic spectrum and increase breathability. The holes in the bottom electromagnetic bandgap surface increase the inductance, which in turn increases the bandwidth. The final design resonates at three bands with impedance bandwidths of 264 MHz, 100 MHz, and 153 MHz and maximum gains of 2.18 dBi, 6.75 dBi, and 9.50 dBi at 2.45 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 5.5 GHz, respectively. In addition, measurements indicate that the proposed design can be deformed up to certain curvature and withstand human tissue loading. Moreover, the specific absorption rate remains within safe levels for humans. Therefore, the proposed antenna can suitably operate in the industrial, scientific, and medical, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and WiMAX bands for potential application to wireless body area networks.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

改进的可穿戴、透气、三频电磁带隙加载分形天线，适用于无线身体区域网络应用

介绍了一种适用于无线体域网络的紧凑型三频多孔电磁带隙结构负载共面波导馈电可穿戴天线。多孔结构旨在在电磁频谱中产生阻带或带隙，并增加透气性。底部电磁带隙表面上的空穴增加了电感，进而增加了带宽。最终设计在阻抗带宽为264 MHz、100 MHz和153的三个频带上谐振 MHz，最大增益分别为2.18 dBi、6.75 dBi和9.50 分别在2.45GHz、3.5GHz和5.5GHz时的dBi。此外，测量表明，所提出的设计可以变形到一定的曲率，并承受人体组织负载。此外，特定的吸收率仍然在人类的安全水平内。因此，所提出的天线可以适当地工作在工业、科学和医疗、蓝牙、Wi-Fi和WiMAX频段，有可能应用于无线体域网络。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

ETRI Journal 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

6.9 months

期刊介绍： ETRI Journal is an international, peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal published bimonthly in English. The main focus of the journal is to provide an open forum to exchange innovative ideas and technology in the fields of information, telecommunications, and electronics. Key topics of interest include high-performance computing, big data analytics, cloud computing, multimedia technology, communication networks and services, wireless communications and mobile computing, material and component technology, as well as security. With an international editorial committee and experts from around the world as reviewers, ETRI Journal publishes high-quality research papers on the latest and best developments from the global community.